四级选词填空解题技巧

选词填空对于众多考生而言，有一定的难度。命题人选择一篇长度在230个单词左右的文章，从中挖去10个单词，文章后面提供15个备选项，要求考生选择合适的选项填入文章，使整篇文章能够通顺、流畅。选词填空要求考生既要看懂文章的大意，又要认识并了解所列单词的词性和基本搭配。该部分测试重点在于把握文章的结构，主要考查考生对诸如：连贯性、一致性、逻辑关系等语篇、语段整体特征以及单词在实际语境中运用的理解，即要求考生在理解全文的基础上弄清文章的宏观结构并具体细化到对每个单词的微观理解上面。其目的是测试学生综合运用语言的能力，考查学生对文章的理解能力以及运用词汇和语法结构的能力。

Try out

We call it the "common cold" for good reason. There are over one billion colds in the United States each year. You and your children will probably have more colds than any other type of 1 . Children average three to eight colds per year. They continue getting them 2 childhood. Parents often get them from the kids. Colds are the most common reason that children 3 school and parents miss work.

Children usually get colds from other children. When a new 4 is introduced into a school or day 5 , it quickly travels through the class.

Colds can 6 year-round, but they occur mostly in the winter (even in areas with mild winters). In areas where there is no winter, colds are most 7 during the rainy season.

When someone has a cold, his runny nose is teeming with (充满) cold 8 . Sneezing, nose-blowing, and nose-wiping spread the virus. You can 9 a cold by inhaling（吸入）the virus if you are sitting close to someone who sneezes, or by 10 your nose, eyes, or mouth after you have touched something contaminated (污染的) by the virus.

People are most contagious (会感染的) for the first 2 to 3 days of a cold, and usually not contagious at all by day 7 to 10.

A) care       I) catch

B) throughout J) moving

C) touching   K) strain

D) occur      L) illness

E) abuse      M) miss

F) sensation  N) common

G) tension    O) by

H) viruses

答案解析

浏览全文，我们了解到本文前两段主要讲述人们可能患感冒，感冒会影响人们的正常生活；第三段主要讲感冒发生的季节和气候环境；第四段主要讲感冒传播的途径。

1. L)。此处需要一个名词。感冒也是一种病，这里指的是你和你的小孩患感冒的几率比其他任何一种病的几率都大，故选illness。

2. B)。此处需要一个介词。因为所接的词"childhood"是一个时间段概念，在这个持续性的时间里，感冒也经常发生。

3. M)。此处需要一个动词。感冒是导致学生不能正常上学的普遍原因，"miss school"表示耽误学业。

4. K)。此处需要一个名词。"strain"的意思之一为"(疾病的)类型"，而备选答案中的"tension"只表示"紧张，不安"。

5. A)。此处需要一个名词。"day care"意思为（托儿所的）日托，正好符合上下文的意思。

6. D)。此处需要一个动词。"occur"表示"出现，发生"，而且后文说在冬天，感冒的情况出现得更加频繁，进一步确定了答案应该是"occur"。

7. N)。此处需要一个形容词。在没有冬季的地区，雨季是感冒的高发期。

8. H)。此处需要一个名词。当一个人患感冒时，他不停流鼻涕的鼻子中肯定充满了病毒。

9. I)。此处需要一个动词。"catch a cold"是固定搭配，表示患感冒。

10. C)。此处需要一个动名词。当你触摸过带有病毒的东西，再触摸自己的鼻子、眼睛或嘴，就会被感染，所以选touching再合适不过了。

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