大学英语四级词汇活记活用（25）
Historians tend to tell the same joke when they are describing history education in America. It’s the one __1__ the teacher standing in the schoolroom door __2__ goodbye to students for the summer and calling __3__ them, “By the way, we won World War II.”
The problem with the joke, of course, is that it’s __4__ funny. The recent surveys on __5__ illiteracy (无知) are beginning to numb (令人震惊): nearly one third of American 17-year-olds cannot even __6__ which countries the United States __7__ against in that war. One third have no __8__ when the Declaration of Independence was __9__. One third thought Columbus reached the New World after 1750. Two thirds cannot correctly __10__ the Civil War between 1850 and 1900. __11__ when they get the answers right, some are __12__ guessing.
Unlike math or science, ignorance of history cannot be __13__ connected to loss of international __14__. But it does affect our future __15__ a democratic nation and as individuals.
The __16__ news is that there is growing agreement __17__ what is wrong with the __18__ of history and what needs to be __19__ to fix it. The steps are tentative (尝试性) __20__ yet to be felt in most classrooms.
1.A) about B) in C) for D) by
2.A) shaking B) waving C) nodding D) speaking
3.A) in B) after C) for D) up
4.A) rarely B) so C) too D) not
5.A) historical B) educational C) cultural D) political
6.A) distinguish B) acknowledge C) identify D) convey
7.A) defeated B) attacked C) fought D) struck
8.A) sense B) doubt C) reason D) idea
9.A) printed B) signed C) marked D) edited
10.A) place B) judge C) get D) lock
11.A) Even B) Though C) Thus D) So
12.A) hardly B) just C) still D) ever
13.A) exclusively B) practically C) shortly D) directly
14.A) competitiveness B) comprehension C) community D) commitment
15.A) of B) for C) with D) as
16.A) fine B) nice C) surprising D) good
17.A) to B) with C) on D) of
18.A) consulting B) coaching C) teaching D) instructing
19.A) done B) dealt C) met D) reached
20.A) therefore B) or C) and D) as
1. A 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. A
6. C 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. B
11. A 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. D
16. D 17. C 18. C 19. A 20. B
1.语境题.本题解题的关键是搞清楚句中的one所指代的内容.分析前一句话可知,本句中的one所指代的是前一句中的the same joke.而空格后面的内容是讲这个笑话的内容,考察四个选项,可知应该选择about,意思为关于.
2.词汇搭配题.分析本句话可知,填入的词语需要满足结构*(动词)...to...,并且还要意思通顺.考察四个选项可以知道正确答案为wave,wave goodbye to的意思为向...挥手说再见.本题很容易选择speak,speak的搭配为speak to sb,是中间不能加任何成分的.
3.词汇搭配题.本题考查动词call与介词搭配构成的词组的意思的辨析.call in的意思为召集,召来,来访,call after的意思为追喊,以...命名,call for的意思为喊着要某人过来,呼唤,去请,去接,去取;要求,需要,号召, call up的意思为召唤,使想起,提出,打电话给.由此可知选择after.
4.语境题.本题乍一看并不知道应该选择什么,需要对下文进行分析.本句话为本段的总结句.下面主要是讲年轻人对历史的无知,由此说明此问题的严重.因此本题应该选择not,即笑话中所反映出的问题并不好笑.
5.语境题.本文的大意主要是讲历史教育的问题,由此可知本题所讲的调查所显示的问题也必然是关于历史方面的,所以选择historical.
6.词汇搭配题.分析本句话可知,本题考查的是宾语从句的先行词.根据宾语从句的内容which countries the United States __7__ against in that war,并且考察四个选项,acknowledge的意思是承认,感谢.convey的意思是运输,传送.由此可以首先排除这两项.本题主要是考察 distinguish和identify的区别.distinguish的意思时区别,多表示区别事物之间的差别.identify的意思是确认,多表示确认某个人的身份或确认某物.而本题并没有给出几个国家,所以也就不存却分差别的问题了.所以正确答案为identify.
7.词汇搭配题.本题主要考察四个选项动词与介词against组成的词组的意思的辨析.defeat,attack以及stick均无法和against搭配,所以正确答案为fight,fight against的意思为与…作斗争.
8.词汇搭配题.本题主要考查固定搭配have no idea,意思为不知道；不了解.其他三个选项均无此搭配.
9.词汇搭配题.本题实际上考查的是根据宾语Declaration of Independence,选择可以和他搭配的谓语动词.Declaration of Independence的意思为独立宣言.四个选项中,print的意思为打印,sign的意思为签署,mark的意思为做标记,edit的意思为编写.由此可以确定正确答案为sign.
10.词汇搭配题.本题是根据给出的宾语,选择合适的谓语动词.Two thirds cannot correctly __10__ the Civil War between 1850 and 1900.句中的宾语为the Civil War,并且注意到句中的修饰动词的副词correctly.考察四个选项,place的意思为放置,judge的意思为判断,断定.get的意思为得到,lock的意思是锁住.由此可以判断正确答案为judge.
11.语境题.本题主要是考察两个句子之间的逻辑关系.前一句话讲三分之二的人都无法正确地说出南北战争是发生在1850年到1900年之间.下一句讲说对答案的人中有一些是猜的.由此可以确定两句话之间是递进的关系,由此选择even.
12.语境题.本题考查根据上下文的意思,选择出合适的副词.四个选项中,hardly的意思为刚刚,几乎不,勉强是,just的意思是正好,恰好;仅仅,只是.still是仍然的意思.ever的意思是在任何时候,曾经;永远,老是;比以往任何时候;究竟,到底.由此可知正确答案为just.
13.语境题.本题是根据上下文及句中的动词,选择合适的副词.分析句子Unlike math or science, ignorance of history cannot be __13__ connected to loss of international __14__. 前半部分主语为ignorance of history,谓语为connected,所要填入的副词是修饰connected的.考察四个选项, exclusively的意思为排他地,独占地,practically意思为实际上,事实上;几乎,简直,shortly的意思为立即,不久;简略地, 简言之,directly的意思为径直地,直接地;马上,立即;直截了当地,直率地.由此可以判断正确答案为directly.
14.词汇搭配题.本题考查固定搭配international community,其意思为国际社会.
15.语境题.本题使用我说过的标志词法解题.分析句子But it does affect our future __15__ a democratic nation and as individuals.可以发现本句的主句部分为But it does affect our future,后面的部分为状语.注意到标志词and,即__15__ a democratic nation和as individuals是相互并列的两个状语,由as individuals可知15题选择as.
16.语境题.本题的解答需要综合考察上下文.上文提到对历史知识匮乏的危害,下面又讲到一个好的现象.此处需要填入一个修饰news的形容词,考察四个选项可知,应该选择good.
17.词汇搭配题.分析本句话可知,后面讲到的是共识的内容,所以应该选择on.
18.语境题.本题的解答需要对文章大意有一个理解.本文开头就讲到当前美国在历史教育方面存在的一些弊端(history education in America).而本句what is wrong with the __18__ of history.也是讲历史教育中存在的问题.由此可知应该选择teaching.
19.语境题.分析本句话what needs to be __19__ to fix it.以及下文中提到的这些措施是尝试性的但在大多数课堂还没有感受到.考察四个选项,可知应该选择done,意思为需要做什么来适应它.
20.语境题.本题主要考查两个分句之间的逻辑关系.分析句子 The steps are tentative (尝试性) __20__ yet to be felt in most classrooms.前半句讲这些措施是尝试性的,后半句中yet是否定词,翻译为在大部分课堂还没感受到.由此可知两个分句之间是转折的关系,由此可以确定选择or.
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