大学英语四级词汇活记活用（22）
完型填空练习:
The part of the environmental movement that draws my firm’s attention is the design of cities’ buildings and products. When we designed America’s first so-called “green” office building in New York two decades __1__, we felt very alone. But today, thousands of people come to green building conferences, and the __2__ that buildings can be good for people and the environment will be increasingly influential in years to __3__.
Back in 1984 we discovered that most manufactured products for decoration weren’t designed for __4__ use. The “energy-efficient” sealed commercial buildings constructed after the 1970s energy crisis __75__ indoor air quality problems caused by materials such as paint, wall covering and carpet. So far 20 years, we’ve been focusing on these materials __6__ to the molecules, looking for ways to make them __7__ for people and the planet.
Home builders can now use materials-such as paints that release significantly __8__ amounts of organic compounds-that don’t __9__ the quality of the air, water, or soil. Ultimately, __10__, our basic design strategy is focused not simply on being “less bad” but on creating __11__ healthful materials that can be either safely returned to the soil __12__ reused by industry again and again. As a matter of __13__, the world’s largest carpet manufacturer has already __14__ a carpet that is fully and safely recyclable (可循环用的).
Look at it this way: No one __15__ out to create a building that destroys the planet. But our current industrial systems are __16__ causing these conditions, whether we like it or not. So __17__ of simply trying to reduce the damage, we are __18__ a positive approach. We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices that have a __19__ effect on the world. It’s not just the building industry, either. __20__ cities are taking these environmentally positive approaches to design, planning and building. Portland, Seattle and Boston have said they want to be green cities. Chicago wants to be the greenest city in the world.
1. A) ago B) off C) before D) away
2. A) practice B) outlook C) idea D) scheme
3. A) go B) come C) arrive D) continue
4. A) indoor B) inward C) relevant D) flexible
5. A) displayed B) discovered C) exhibited D) revealed
6. A) back B) down C) next D) near
7. A) comfortable B) cautious C) safe D) stable
8. A) reduced B) revised C) descended D) delayed
9. A) deny B) depress C) dissolve D) destroy
10.A) besides B) however C) anyhow D) anyway
11.A) partially B) exactly C) completely D) superficially
12.A) or B) and C) but D) nor
13.A) interest B) fact C) principle D) course
14.A) sketched B) constructed C) researched D) developed
15.A) starts B) pulls C) looks D) makes
16.A) basically B) originally C) traditionally D) inevitably
17.A) because B) out C) instead D) regardless
18.A) adjusting B) admitting C) adopting D) adapting
19.A) functional B) beneficial C) precious D) sensible
20.A) Entire B) Total C) Full D) Complete
答案：
1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. D
6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. B
11. C 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. A
16. D 17. C 18. C 19. B 20. A
1.语境题.根据下文中的谓语动词felt以及下一句的开头部分But today,可以判断出该句的事态应该为过去时,而前半句又为句中的时间状语,可以确定正确答案为ago.
2.语境题.本题首先需要对该空所在的句子进行语法分析.the __2__ that buildings can be good for people and the environment will be increasingly influential in years to __3__.注意到that引导的从句部分为一个完整的句子,正句话并不缺少任何成分,所以可以确定该从句应为同位语从句.考察四个选项,可以用来作为同位语从句先行词并且意思通顺的只能是idea,表示观点,看法.
3.词汇搭配题.首先分析这句话the environment will be increasingly influential in years to __3__.注意到其时态为将来时,而to __3__在文中为不定时作定语,修饰years.而选择的词汇应该符合该句将来时的事态并且意思通顺.to come的意思为即将到来的.
4.语境题.本题第一眼看无法确定该选择哪个答案,但继续读下去可以发现,本段的结构为总分结构,即本句话是该段的总结句.分析下面的内容可以发现,该段主要是讲述关于室内装修的,所以该空应该选择indoor.
5.词汇搭配题.本题需要根据主语和宾语,考察选项,确定正确的谓语动词.分析句子The “energy-efficient” sealed commercial buildings constructed after the 1970s energy crisis __5__ indoor air quality problems caused by materials such as paint, wall covering and carpet.主语为The “energy-efficient” sealed commercial buildings constructed after the 1970s energy crisis,宾语为problem,其大致意思为某事...了问题.根据中文的表达习惯,应为某事暴露问题.reveal的意思为露出,揭示,显示.此处引申为暴露的意思.
6.词汇搭配题.本题四个选项,down to的意思为下至,next to的意思为接近,靠近,与…邻近;次于,near to的意思为接(靠)近；几乎要.分析该句话we’ve been focusing on these materials __76__ to the molecules.解题的关键在于对materials和molecules的理解,前者的意思为材料,后者的意思为分子.materials比 molecules所表述的概念更大,所以应该选择down to.
7.语境题.本题的解答有赖于对本段大意的准确把握.本段的主题是讨论装修材料所存在的问题,该问题对人类和植物的安全造成危险.所以本题应该选择safe.
8.词汇搭配题.本题需要根据主语和宾语,考察选项,确定正确的谓语动词.本句话such as paints that release significantly __8__ amounts of organic compounds.为一个插入语结构.该句话的主语为paints that release,宾语为amounts of organic compounds.即涂料...了有机混合物的数量,考察四个选项,可以确定选择含有减少意思的reduce.
9.词汇搭配题.分析本句 that don’t __9__ the quality of the air, water, or soil.that指代前面的materials,其意思为材料不会...空气,水和土壤的质量.考察四个选项,含有破坏意思的desttroy符合题意.
10和11.语境题.分析本句话Ultimately, __10__, our basic design strategy is focused not simply on being “less bad” but on creating __11__ healthful materials.注意到本句话中的关键结构not...but...,其意思是不仅仅是...而是...10题考查两句话之间的逻辑关系.分析句子后,可以发现句中的not...but...,not...部分是对前一句的总结,but...是本句所要重点表达的意思.注意到not...部分中的 not simply,可以确定两个句子的关系应该是转折的关系,所以应该选择however.在本结构中not simply on being “less bad” 是对上一句意思的总结,有本句话中的关键词not simply以及后半句可知,本句话和前一句应该是转折的关系.11题的解答可以用到标志词法,分析not...but...结构可知,两者结构是并列的,意思是递进的.即根据less bad,推出11应该选择completely.
12.词汇搭配题.本题考查固定搭配either...or...
13.词汇搭配题.本题考查固定搭配as a matter of fact表示in fact.
14.词汇搭配题.分析本句the world’s largest carpet manufacturer has already __14__ a carpet that is fully and safely recyclable.主语为the world’s largest carpet manufacturer,宾语为a carpet.其意思为世界最大的地毯制造商...地毯.考察四个选项,由句中的has already,可知排除researched,因为它是持续性动词.sketched意思不符,constructed搭配不对,所以正确答案为表示开发意思的developed.
15.语境题,词汇搭配题.本题的解答需要综合考虑本句和下一句话的意思.注意到下一句中的But和 current,可以推断本句话应该是表示发生在现在以前的事情.考察选项四个词汇与介词out搭配构成的词组的意思,start out的意思为出发,动身;开始时打算.pull out的意思为拔出,离开,度过难关,恢复健康.look out的意思为面朝,朝外看;留神,提防;照料,照看;搜寻,找出.make out的意思为书写,填写,拼凑,进展,说明,设法应付,理解,辨认出,做,了解.因此可以确定应该选择start.
16.语境题.分析本句But our current industrial systems are __16__ causing these conditions, whether we like it or not.本题的解答有赖于对后半句的意思的理解.后半句的意思为无论我们喜不喜欢它.由此可以推断出引起的这些情况是必然发生的,考察四个选项,可知应该选择含有不可避免地意思的inevitably.
17和18.语境题,词汇搭配题.分析该句话So __17__ of simply trying to reduce the damage, we are __18__ a positive approach.17题所考查的是表示两个分句之间逻辑关系的连接词.由前一句中的reduce the damage和后一句中的positive approach,可知两者的意思是相反的,所以应该选择instead of,其意思为代替.18题主要考察词汇的搭配.分析后半句,主语为we,宾语为approach,approach作名词时的意思为方法,途经.根据含义表达的习惯,应该选择含有采纳,采用意思的adopt.
19.语境题.分析本句话We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices that have a __19__ effect on the world.根据我讲过的标志词法,注意到句中的and,所以and前后的两个分句的意思是相近的.前半个句子的意思是我们正在给人们高质量,健康的商品.分析and后面的半个句子,在句中含有一个定语从句that have a __19__ effect,先行词为choices,换句话说这个定语从句是修饰choices的.所以空格19所填入的形容词所表达的意思应该是和前半个句子是相近的,考察四个选项,应该选择含有有益的意思的beneficial.
20.词汇搭配题.首先考察四个选项,full, total和complete都是用来修饰数量多的，而entireentire 是指一样东西的全部，也就是说整体.注意到本文的最后一句Portland, Seattle and Boston have said they want to be green cities. Chicago wants to be the greenest city in the world.说明并不是全部城市都采取了这个方法.所以应该选择entire表示整个城市.
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