英语四级快速阅读的命题规律与解题步骤

快速阅读是自2006年6月实行新四级考试以来新增加的内容，至今已经考过六次了。前三次考试的快速阅读题为判断和填空两种题型，最近三次考试的快速阅读题为选择和填空两种题型。无论采用哪种题型考查，快速阅读的自身特点决定了其解题技巧。与深度阅读不同，由于时间的限制，快速阅读无法也无需对文章透彻理解并掌握文中所有的细节，而只需从判断、填空及选择题的题干中确定关键词，再到文章中准确定位，即可得出正确答案。

一、快速阅读的命题规律

1. 逻辑关系处常设考点

逻辑关系散布在文章的句子中、句句之间以及段落之间。最基本的逻辑关系有以下几种：

（1）因果关系：as a result, therefore, hence, because of, for, due to等等。

（2）并列、递进关系：and, or, then, in addition, besides, in other words, moreover等等。

（3）转折关系：however, but, yet, though, although, in fact, to tell you the truth等等。

2. 标点符号处常设考点

许多标点符号的出现是为了更好地解释前面的一些信息，所以我们可以运用标点符号（破折号、小括号、冒号等）推测不认识的词汇或句子的含义。

3. 时间、数字、大写字母、斜体或一些很特别的信息点处常设考点

这些信息一方面很容易识别，另一方面，这些信息点一般都是文章的细节信息，容易出细节判断题。

4. 根据文章的行文顺序设计考点

快速阅读的题目一般是有顺序性的，前面的题目往往对应文章前面的内容，后面的题目对应文章后面的内容。

二、快速阅读的解题步骤

1. 浏览文章，略读文章标题和段落标题、各段首句和尾句，从而了解文章大意和整体结构。

2. 读题干，理解句子的意思，并确定相应的关键词。

3. 根据关键词到文章中查读，找到与关键词相关的语句，通过比较、判断，确定答案。

实战练习
(2006年12月，CET-4)
Six Secrets of High-Energy People

There's an energy crisis in America, and it has nothing to do with fossil fuels. Millions of us get up each morning already weary over what the day holds. "I just can't get started," people say. But it's not physical energy that most of us lack. Sure, we could all use extra sleep and a better diet. But in truth, people are healthier than at any time in history. I can almost guarantee that if you long for more energy, the problem is not with your body.

What you are seeking is not physical energy. ...

And yet we all know people who are filled with joy, despite the unpleasant circumstances of their lives. Even as a child I observed people who were poor, or disabled, or ill, but who nonetheless faced life with optimism and vigor. Consider Laura Hillenbrand, who despite an extremely weak body, wrote the best-seller Seabiscuit. Hillenbrand barely had enough physical energy to drag herself out of bed to write. But she was fueled by having a story she wanted to share. It was emotional energy that helped her succeed.

Unlike physical energy, which is finite and diminishes with age, emotional energy is unlimited and has nothing to do with genes or upbringing. So how do you get it? You can't simply tell yourself to be positive. You must take action. Here are six practical strategies that work.

1. Do something new.

Very little that's new occurs in our lives. ...

Fortunately, ...

Here's a challenge: If it's something you wouldn't ordinarily do, do it. Try a dish you've never eaten. Listen to music you'd ordinarily tune out. You'll discover these small things add to your emotional energy.

2. Reclaim life's meaning.

So many of my patients tell me that their lives used to have meaning, ...

The first step in solving this meaning shortage is to figure out what you really care about, and then do something about it. A case in point is Ivy, 57, a pioneer in investment banking. "I mistakenly believed that all the money I made would mean something," she says. "But I feel lost, like a 22-year-old wondering what to do with her life." Ivy's solution? She started a program that shows Wall Streeters how to donate time and money to poor children. In the process, Ivy filled her life with meaning.

3. Put yourself in the fun zone.

Most of us grown-ups are seriously fun-deprived. High-energy people have the same day-to-day work as the rest of us, but they manage to find something enjoyable in every situation. A real estate broker I know keeps herself amused on the job by mentally redecorating the houses she shows to clients. "I love imaging what even the most run-down house could look like with a little tender loving care," she says. "It's a challenge - and the least desirable properties are usually the most fun."

We all define fun differently, ...

4. Big farewell to guilt and regret.

Everyone's past is filled with regrets that still cause pain. But from an emotional energy point of view, they are dead weights that keep us from moving forward. While they can't merely be willed away, I do recommend you remind yourself that whatever happened is in the past, and nothing can change that. Holding on to the memory only allows the damage to continue into the present.

5. Make up your mind.

Say you've been thinking about cutting your hair short. Will it look stylish - or too extreme? You endlessly think it over. Having the decision hanging over your head is a huge energy drain. Every time you can't decide, you burden yourself with alternatives. Quit thinking that you have to make the right decision; instead, make a choice and don't look back.

6. Give to get.

Emotional energy has a kind of magical quality: the more you give, the more you get back. This is the difference between emotional and physical energy. With the latter, you have to get it to be able to give it. With the former, however, you get it by giving it.

Start by asking everyone you meet, ...

After all, if it's true that what goes around comes around, why not make sure that what's circulating around you is the good stuff?
 

1. The energy crisis in America discussed here mainly refers to a shortage of fossil fuels.

2. People these days tend to lack physical energy.

3. Laura Hillenbrand is an example cited to show how emotional energy can contribute to one's success in life.

4. The author believes emotional energy is inherited and genetically determined.

5. Even small changes people make in their lives can help increase their emotional energy.

6. Ivy filled her life with meaning by launching a program to help poor children.

7. The real estate broker the author knows is talented in home redecoration.

8. People holding on to sad memories of the past will find it difficult to __________.

9. When it comes to decision-making, one should make a quick choice without ________.

10. Emotional energy is in a way different from physical energy in that the more you give, ____________.
 

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