1995年6月大学英语四级考试试题及参考答案
Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)
Section A
1. (A) Librarian and student. (C) Boss and secretary.
(B) Operator and caller. (D) Customer and repairman.
2. (A) Look for the key. (C) Fix a shelf.
(B) Repair the car. (D) Paint a shelf.
3. (A) To make the woman angry. (C) David is the man's good friend
(B) To please the man's mother. (D) David is good at carrying on conversations.
4. (A) He must meet his teacher. (C) He must go out with his girlfriend.
(B) He must attend a class. (D) He must stay at school to finish his homework.
5. (A) he wants to pay. (C) He wants to eat somewhere else.
(B) he doesn't want to eat out. (D) He doesn't like Japanese food.
6. (A) he didn't work as hard as he was supposed to. (C) He did better in an earlier exam.
(B) He didn't pass the physics exam. (D) he found something wrong with the exam.
7. (A) He is attending his sick mother at home. (C) He is at home on sick leave.
(B) He is on a European tour with his mother. (D) He is in Europe to see his mother.
1. (A) They don't know how to get to Mike's home. (C) They went to the same party some time ago.
(B) They are discussing when to meet again. (D) They will go to Mike's birthday party.
9. (A) Five lessons. (C) Twelve lessons.
(B) Three lessons. (D) Fifteen lessons.
10. (A) Find a larger room. (C) Buy two bookshelves.
(B) Sell the old table. (D) Rearrange some furniture.
Section B
Passage One
Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.
11. (A) Courses in British history. (C) Courses in sports.
(B) Language courses. (D) Teacher training courses.
9. (A) To attract more students.
(B) To make the courses suitable for students of all levels.
(C) To let the students have a good rest.
(D) To make the summer school more like a holiday.
10. (A) Because they all work very hard.
(B) Because their teachers are all native speakers of English.
(C) Because they learn not only in but also out of class.
(D) Because they are all advanced students.
Passage Two
Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.
17. (A) Chemicals. (C) Water.
(B) Vapor. (D) Gas.
18. (A) By passing steam over dry ice. (C) By heating dry ice.
(B) By turning ordinary ice into steam. (D) By mixing dry ice with ordinary ice.
19. (A) It takes a longer time to melt. (C) It is cleaner to use than ordinary ice.
(B) It is lighter to carry. (D) It is not so cold as ordinary ice.
20. (A) In the 1920's. (C) In the 1940's.
(B) In the 1930's. (D) In the 1950's.
Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
Researchers have established that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to act more effectively in cognitive (认知的) areas such as attention and memory. This is true regardless of age.
People will be alert (警觉的) and receptive (接受能力强的) if they are faced with information that gets them to think about things they are interested in. And someone with a history of doing more rather than less will go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who has not had an active mind.
Many experts are so convinced of the benefits of challenging the brain that they are putting, the theory to work in their own lives. "The idea is not necessarily to learn to memorize enormous amounts of information." says James Fozard, associate director of the national Institute on Aging. "Most of us don't need that kind of skill. Such specific training is of less interest than being able to maintain mental alertness." Fozard and others say they challenge their brains with different mental skill, both because they enjoy them and because they are sure that their range of activities will help the way their brains work.
Gene Cohen, acting director of the same institute, suggests that people in their old age should engage in mental and physical activities individually as well as in groups. Cohen says that we are frequently advised to keep physically active as we age, but older people need to keep mentally active as well. Those who do are more likely to maintain their intellectual abilities and to be generally happier and better adjusted. "The point is, you need to do both," Cohen says. "Intellectual activity influences brain-cell health and size."
21. People who are cognitively healthy are those _____.
(A) who can remember large amounts of information (C) whose minds are alert and receptive
(B) who are highly intelligent (D) who are good at recognizing different sounds
22. According to Fozard's argument people can make their brains work more efficiently by _____.
(A) constantly doing memory work (C) going through specific training
(B) taking part in various mental activities (D) making frequent adjustments
23. The findings of James and other scientists in their work _____.
(A) remain a theory to be further proved (C) have been challenged by many other experts
(B) have been generally accepted (D) are practiced by the researchers themselves
24. Older people are generally advised to _____.
(A) keep fit by going in for physical activities
(B) keep mentally active by challenging their brains
(C) maintain mental alertness through specific training
(D) maintain a balance between individual and group activities
25. What is the passage mainly about?
(A) How biochemical changes occur in the human brain.
(B) Why people should keep active not only physically but also mentally.
(C) How intellectual activities influence brain-cell health.
(D) Why people should receive special mental training as they age.
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do--especially in a tight job market. Bob Crossley, a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications that come across his desk every day. "It's amazing how many candidates eliminate themselves." he says.
Resume (简历) arrive with stains. Some candidates don't bother to spell the company's name correctly. Once I see a mistake, I eliminate the candidate," Crossley concludes. "If they cannot take of these details, why should we trust them with a job?"
Can we pay too much attention to detail? Absolutely. Perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward, "To keep from losing the forest for the trees", says Charles Garfield, associate professor at the University of California, San Francisco, "We must constantly ask ourselves how the details we're working on fit into the larger picture. If they don't, we should drop them and move to something else".
Garfield compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. "The Apollo II moon launch was slightly off-course 90 percent of the time." Says Garfield, "But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal. This allowed us to make adjustments as necessary." Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the importance of every task we undertake.
Too often we believe what accounts for others' success is some special secret or a lucky break (机遇). But rarely is success so mysterious. Again and again, we see that by doing little things within our grasp well, large rewards follow.
26. According to the passage, some job applicants were rejected _____.
(A) because of their carelessness as shown in their failure to present a clean copy of a resume
(B) because of their inadequate education as shown in their poor spelling in writing a resume
(C) because they failed to give detailed description of their background in their applications
(D) because they eliminated their names from the applicants' list themselves
27. The word "perfectionists" (para. 3, Line) refers to those who _____.
(A) demand others to get everything absolutely right
(B) know how to adjust their goals according to the circumstances
(C) pay too much attention to details only to lose their major objectives
(D) are capable of achieving perfect results in whatever they do
28. Which of the following is the author's device to the reader?
(A) Although too much attention to details may be costly, they should not be overlooked
(B) Don't forget details when drawing pictures
(C) Be aware of the importance of a task before undertaking it
(D) Careless applicants are not to be trusted
29. The example of the Apollo II moon launch is given to illustrate that _____.
(A) minor mistakes can be ignored in achieving major objectives
(B) failure is the mother of success
(C) adjustments are the key to the successful completion of any work
(D) keeping one's goal in mind helps in deciding which details can be overlooked
30. The best title for this passage would be _____.
(A) Don't Be a Perfectionist (C) Details and Major Objectives
(B) Importance of Adjustments (D) Hard Work Plus Good Luck
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Britain almost more than any other country in the world must seriously face the problem of building upwards, that is to say, of accommodating a considerable proportion of its population in high blocks of flats. It is said that the English man objects to this type of existence, but if the case is such, he does in fact differ from the inhabitants of most countries of the world today. In the past our own blocks of flats have been associated with the lower-income groups and they have lacked the obvious provisions, such as central heating, constant hot water supply, electrically operated lifts from top to bottom, and so on, as well as such details, important notwithstanding (然而), as easy facilities for disposal of dust and rubbish and storage places for baby carriages in the ground floor, playgrounds for children on the top of the buildings, and drying grounds for washing. It is likely that the dispute regarding flats versus (对，对抗) individual houses will continue to rage on for a long time as far as Britain is concerned. And it is unfortunate that there should be hot feelings on both sides whenever this subject is raised. Those who oppose the building of flats base their case primarily on the assumption (设想) that everyone prefers an individual home and on the high cost per unit of accommodation. The latter ignores the higher cost of providing full services to a scattered community and the cost in both money and time of the journeys to work for the suburban resident.
31. We can infer from the passage that _____.
(A) English people, like most people in other countries, dislike living in flats
(B) people in most countries of the world today are not opposed to living in flats
(C) people in Britain are forced to move into high blocks of flats
(D) modern flats still fail to provide the necessary facilities for living
32. What is said about blocks of flats built in the past in Britain?
(A) They were mostly inhabited by people who did not earn much.
(B) They were usually not large enough to accommodate big families.
(C) They were sold to people before necessary facilities were installed.
(D) They provided playgrounds for children on the top of the buildings.
33. The word "rage" (Line 9) means _____.
(A) be ignored (C) encourage people greatly
(B) develop with great force (D) be in fashion
34. Some people oppose the building of flats because _____.
(A) the living expenses for each individual family are higher
(B) it involves higher cost compared with the building of houses
(C) they believe people like to live in houses with gardens
(D) the disposal of rubbish remains a problem for those living in flats
35. The author mentions that people who live in suburban houses _____.
(A) do not have access to easy facilities because they live away from the city
(B) have to pay a lot of money to employ people to do service work
(C) take longer time to know each other because they are a scattered community
(D) have to spend more money and time travelling to work every day
Passage Four
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
Where do pesticides (杀虫剂) fit into the picture of environmental disease? We have seen that they now pollute soil, water and food, that they have the power to make our streams fishless and our gardens and woodlands silent and birdless. Man, however much he may like to pretend the contrary, is part of nature. Can he escape a pollution that is now so thoroughly distributed throughout our world:
We know that even single exposures to these chemicals, if the amount is large enough, can cause extremely severe poisoning. But this is not the major problem. The sudden illness or death of farmers, farmworkers, and others exposed to sufficient quantities of pesticides is very sad and should not occur. For the population as a whole, we must be more concerned with the delayed effects of absorbing small amounts of the pesticides that invisibly pollute our world.
Responsible public health officials have pointed out that the biological effects of chemicals are cumulative (累积) over long periods of time, and that the danger to individual may depend on the sum of the exposures received throughout his lifetime. For these very reasons the danger is easily ignored. It is human nature to shake off what may seem to us a threat of future disaster. "Men are naturally most impressed by diseases which have obvious signs, " says a wise physician, Dr Rene Dubos, "yet some of their worst enemies slowly approach them unnoticed."
36. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the sentence "Man... is part of nature" (Para. 1, Lines 3-4)?
(A) Man appears indifferent to what happens in nature.
(B) Man acts as if he does not belong to nature.
(C) Man can avoid the effects of environmental pollution.
(D) Man can escape his responsibilities for environmental effects of pesticides?
37. What is the author's attitude toward the environmental effects of pesticides?
(A) Pessimistic (C) Defensive
(B) Indifferent (D) Concerned
38. In the author's view, the sudden death caused by exposure to large amounts of pesticides _____.
(A) is not the worst of the negative consequences resulting from the use of pesticides
(B) now occurs most frequently among all accidental deaths
(C) has sharply increased so as to become the center of public attention
(D) is unavoidable because people can't do without pesticides in farming
39. People tend to ignore the delayed effects of exposure to chemical because _____.
(A) limited exposure to them does little harm to people's health
(B) the present is more important for them than the future
(C) the danger does not become apparent immediately
(D) humans are capable of withstanding small amounts of poisoning
40. It can be concluded from Dr. Dubos remarks that _____.
(A) people find invisible diseases difficult to deal with
(B) attacks by hidden enemies tend to be fatal
(C) diseases with obvious signs are easy to cure
(D) people tend to overlook hidden dangers caused by pesticides
Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)
41. I would appreciate _____ it a secret.
(A) your keeping (C) that you keep
(B) you to keep (D) that you will keep
42. Mark often attempts to escape _____ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.
(A) having been fined (C) to have been fined
(B) to be fined (D) being fined
43. No matter how frequently _____, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.
(A) performing (C) to be performed
(B) performed (D) being performed
44. It is recommended that the project _____ until all the preparations have been made.
(A) is not started (C) not be started
(B) will not be started (D) is not to be started
45. I wish I ____ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.
(A) could have slept (C) might have slept
(B) slept (D) have slept
46. We didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we _____ him.
(A) would have telephoned (C) would telephone
(B) must have telephoned (D) had telephoned
47. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _____ advertisements showing happy, balanced families.
(A) are often seeing (C) will often see
(B) often see (D) have often seen
48. While people may refer to television for up-to-minute news, it is unlikely that television _____ the newspaper completely.
(A) replaced (C) replace
(B) have replaced (D) will replace
49. An Olympic Marathon is 26 miles and 385 yards, _____ approximately from Marathon to Athen.
(A) distance (C) the distance
(B) is the distance (D) the distance is
50. You will want two trees about ten feet apart, from _____ to suspend your tent.
(A) there (C) which
(B) them (D) where
51. As I was just getting familiar with this job, I had _____ to ask my boss.
(A) many (C) more
(B) most (D) much
52. ____ quite recently, most mothers in Britain did not take paid work outside the home.
(A) Before (C) From
(B) Until (D) Since
53. The survival of civilization as we know it is _____ threat.
(A) within (C) towards
(B) under (D) upon
54. Scientists say it may be five or ten years _____ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.
(A) since (C) after
(B) before (D) when
55. In some countries, _____ is called "equality" does not really mean equal rights for all people.
(A) which (C) that
(B) what (D) one
56. I walked too much yesterday and _____ are still aching now.
(A) my leg's muscles (C) my leg muscles
(B) my muscles of leg (D) my muscles of the leg
57. Radio, television and press _____ of conveying news and information.
(A) are the most three common means (C) are the three most common means
(B) are the most common three means (D) are three the most common means
58. Liquids are like solids _____ they have a definite volume.
(A) in that (C) with that
(B) for that (D) at that
59. When a fire ____ at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed.
(A) broke off (C) broke down
(B) broke out (D) broke up
60. The destruction of these treasures was a loss for mankind that no amount of money could _____.
(A) stand up to (C) come up with
(B) make up for (D) put up with
61. Then the speaker _____ the various factors leading to the present economic crisis.
(A) went after (C) went into
(B) went for (D) went on
62. The students was just about to _____ the questions, when suddenly he found the answer.
(A) arrive at (C) work out
(B) submit to (D) give up
63. When there are small children around, it is necessary to put bottles of pills out of _____.
(A) reach (C) hold
(B) hand (D) place
64. The _____ of blood always makes him feel sick.
(A) sight (C) look
(B) view (D) form
65. In Britain, the best season of the year is probably _____ spring.
(A) later (C) latter
(B) last (D) late
66. Free medical treatment in this country covers sickness of mind as well as _____ sickness.
(A) normal (C) average
(B) regular (D) ordinary
67. This hotel _____ $ 60 for a single room with bath.
(A) claims (C) prices
(B) demands (D) charges
68. Although he had looked through all the reference material on the subject, he still found it hard to understand this point and her explanation only _____ to his confusion.
(A) extended (C) added
(B) amounted (D) turned
69. A completely new situation will _____ when the examination system comes into existence.
(A) arise (C) raise
(B) rise (D) arouse
70. It took him several months to _____ the wild horse.
(A) tend (C) breed
(B) cultivate (D) tame
Part IV Cloze (15 minutes)
A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supply--all these were important 71
in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution. 72 they were not enough. Something 73 was needed to start the industrial process. That "something special" was men- 74 individuals who could invent machines, find new 75 of power, and establish business organizations to reshape society.
The men who 76 the machines of the Industrial Revolution 77 from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were 78 inventors than scientists. A man who is a 79 scientist is primarily interested in doing his research 80 . He is not necessarily working 81 that his findings can be used.
An inventor or one interested in applied science is 82 trying to make something that has a concrete 83 . He may try to solve a problem by using the theories 84 science or by experimenting through trial and error. Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain a 85 result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of 86 other objectives.
Most of the people who 87 the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors, not trained scientists. A few were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had 88 or no training in science might not have made their inventions 89 a groundwork had not been laid by scientists years 90 .
71. (A) cases (B) reasons (C) factors (D) situations
72. (A) But (B) And (C) Besides (D) Even
73. (A) else (B) near (C) extra (D) similar
74. (A) generating (B) effective (C) motivation (D) creative
75. (A) origins (B) sources (C) bases (D) discoveries
76. (A) employed (B) created (C) operated (D) controlled
77. (A) came (B) arrived (C) stemmed (D) appeared
78. (A) less (B) better (C) more (D) worse
79. (A) genuine (B) practical (C) pure (D) clever
80. (A) happily (B) occasionally (C) reluctantly (D) accurately
81. (A) now (B) and (C) all (D) so
82. (A) seldom (B) sometimes (C) usually (D) never
83. (A) plan (B) use (C) idea (D) means
84. (A) of (B) with (C) to (D) as
85. (A) single (B) sole (C) specialized (D) specific
86. (A) few (B) those (C) many (D) all
87. (A) proposed (B) developed (C) supplied (D) offered
88. (A) little (B) much (C) some (D) any
89. (A) as (B) if (C) because (D) while
90. (A) ago (B) past (C) ahead (D) before
Part V Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Advantage of a Job Interview. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on outline (given in Chinese) below:
1. 现在找工作一般都要面试，通过面试，面试者（interviewer）和应试者(interviewee) 可以互相了解情况。
2. 面试者可以向应试者介绍情况如工作性质、条件、待遇等。
3. 应试者也有机会给对方留下一个好印象，如可以表现出自信心，可以介绍教育背景，工作能力等。
参考答案：
Part I 1——20题
1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. D
11. B 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C 16. A 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. A
Part II——Part IV 21——90题
21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. C
31. B 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. B 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. D
41. A 42. D 43. B 44. C 45. A 46. A 47. C 48. D 49. C 50. C
51. D 52. B 53. B 54. B 55. B 56. C 57. C 58. A 59. B 60. B
61. C 62. D 63. A 64. A 65. D 66. D 67. D 68. C 69. A 70. C
71. C 72. A 73. A 74. D 75. B 76. B 77. A 78. C 79. C 80. D
81. D 82. C 83. B 84. A 85. D 86. C 87. B 88. A 89. B 90. D
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