双语：十大神秘人物

在过去的几个世纪的历史里流传着许多神秘人物的奇妙传说，他们中的许多人的下落或来历至今无法鉴定。以下这个是在这次神秘类型中最重要或者最神秘的人物的精选名单。象往常一样，假如你还知道其他有意思的人物，他们的事迹也类似以下名单中的人物，那么请务必在评论里告诉我们。

Over the centuries, history is filled with wonderful tales of mysterious people - many of whom are never identified. This list is a selection of the most significant or mysterious people of this variety. As usual, if you know of other fascinating people that would suit a similar follow up list, be sure to tell us in the comments.

乔查尼先生(逝世于1968年)，是一个隐姓埋名神秘的犹太人老师的小名。这个老师在二战后的欧洲曾教授过许多后来受人敬仰的学生（其中包括如图所示的伊曼纽尔·列为纳斯，还有埃利·维尔瑟尔）。很少人了解乔查尼先生，包括他的真实姓名。他来自哪里以及他整个人生历史如何都被当作秘密严密地守护着。在乌拉圭，他的墓碑（死于乌拉圭蒙特维多）上写着：“在记忆里祝福睿智的乔查尼大师，他的生辰与人生将像迷一样永远尘封。”文本是埃利·维尔瑟尔所写，他同时也是墓碑的筹立者。

乔查尼先生自身留下没有任何著名的作品，但他通过他的学生留下宝贵的知识财富。乔查尼先生穿着像个流浪汉，然而却是个深解人类多种领域学问的大师，包括科学，数学，哲学，特别是犹太法典《塔木德》他都擅长。大多数有关于他人生的细节点滴都来自他学生们的文章和谈话。

10 Monsieur Chouchani

Monsieur Chouchani (died 1968) is the nickname of an anonymous and mysterious Jewish teacher who taught a number of highly regarded students (including Emmanual Levinas (pictured above) and Elie Wiesel) in Europe after World War II. Very little is known about Chouchani, including his real name. His origins and entire life history were kept a closely guarded secret. His gravestone in Montevideo, Uraguay where he died) reads: “The wise Rabbi Chouchani of blessed memory. His birth and his life are sealed in enigma.” The text was written by Elie Wiesel who also paid for the gravestone.

There is no known body of work by Chouchani himself, but he left a very strong intellectual legacy via his students. Chouchani dressed like a vagabond but was a master of vast areas of human knowledge, including science, mathematics, philosophy and especially the Talmud. Most of the details of his life that are known come from the writings and interviews with his students.

十大神秘人物第九位——坡·祝酒人

坡·祝酒人是同样是一个神秘人的绰号，他每年都到爱伦坡墓前敬献物品。这个奇怪的传统始于1949年，刚好是爱伦坡去世后的一个世纪时间，每次都是在爱伦坡生日（一月十九日）那天进行。根据维基百科记载：“在那天的清晨时分，一个黑衣人，据推测应该是男性，带着点银的藤条进入威斯敏斯特议会大厅还有位于马里兰州的巴尔的摩市的坟场。这个人来到爱伦坡的墓前举起一杯白兰地祝酒。在离开前，祝酒人在墓上留下了三支玫瑰花和半瓶白兰地酒。”

祝酒人头戴黑帽身穿黑衣，用围巾裹着面庞。常常有簇拥的记者和追随者在场看着整个祝酒过程，没有人曾试图干扰过祝酒人或者上前揭开他的围巾，很大可能是出于对这个传统的尊重吧。

9 The Poe Toaster

The Poe Toaster is the nickname given to a mysterious man who pays annual tribute to Poe by visiting his grave every year. The strange tradition started in 1949 - a century are after Poe’s death, and it occurs every year on the author’s birthday (January 19). According to Wikipedia: “In the early hours of the morning on that date, a black-clad figure, presumed to be male, with a silver-tipped cane enters the Westminster Hall and Burying Ground in Baltimore, Maryland. The individual proceeds to Poe’s grave, where he or she raises a cognac toast. Before departing, the Toaster leaves three red roses and a half-bottle of cognac on the grave.”

The Toaster wears a black hat and coat and hides his face with a hood or scarf. Groups of reporters and admirers are often on hand to watch the event. There have been no attempts to interfere with the Toaster or to unmask him - most likely out of respect for the tradition.

十大神秘人物第八位——巴布什卡夫人

在对1963年约翰·F·肯尼迪总统遇刺的影像胶片分析的过程中，一个神秘女人被发现。她当时身着一件棕色外套，一面头巾包着头部（这个头巾就是她的绰号所在，她戴着它就是一个俄罗斯老奶奶的风格，这种头巾用俄语叫做巴布什卡斯）。这个妇女在镜头出现的时候，手上正拿着什么东西在她面前，后来知道那是一部摄相机。她在镜头中多次出现，即使在拍完照大多数人都离开了那块区域了，她还依然停留在原地继续拍摄。在她被看见离开一会儿，向东榆树大街去之后又立即出现镜头前。事后，美国联邦调查局FBI公开请求那个妇女自愿出来，向他们提供她拍摄的胶片，但是她拒绝了。

1970年，一名名叫贝弗利·奥莉佛的妇女自告奋勇声称，她就是那个巴布什卡夫人，然而在她的叙述里含有很多自相矛盾的地方。最后大家都认为她仅是一个骗子。至今，没有人知道究竟巴布什卡夫人是谁又或者她当时在那里做了什么。更加怪异的是她拒绝出来向世人提供她的证据。

8 Babushka Lady

During the analysis of the film footage of the assasination of John F. Kennedy in 1963, a mysterious woman was spotted. She was wearing a brown overcoat and a scarf on her head (the scarf is the reason for her name as she wore it in a similar style to Russian grandmothers - also called babushkas). The woman appeared to be holding something in front of her face which is believed to be a camera. She appears in many photos of the scene. Even after the shooting when most people had fled the area, she remained in place and continued to film. Shortly after she is seen moving away to the East up Elm Street. The FBI publically requested that the woman come forward and give them the footage she shot but she never did.

In 1970 a woman called Beverly Oliver came forward and claimed to be the Babushka Woman, though her story contains many inconsistencies. She is generally regarded as a fraud. To this day, no one knows who the Babushka Woman is or what she was doing there. More unusual is her refusal to come forward to offer her evidence.

十大神秘人物第七位——卡斯帕·豪泽尔
  
在1828年5月26日这一天，一名少年出现在德意志的纽伦堡的大街上。他身上带着一封信，是写给第六骑兵团一个队长的。这封信的匿名作者写道，这名男孩在1812年10月7日那天，还是一个婴儿的时候，他就开始照养着这名男孩。他说，他从来没让男孩离开过他房间一步。现在这个男孩想成为一个骑兵，所以队长应该收留他或是带着他。豪泽尔，也就是这名男孩，他说，他尽可能地能够回想起就是，他几乎整天孤单地呆在一间长2米宽1米高1·5米的暗黑小房子里面（小得不超过一张单人床的空间），合着一张仅铺着稻草的床睡觉，还有一个木马当作玩具。豪泽尔说，他第一个接触到的人很神秘莫测，就在他被释放出来的不久他见到这个人。这个人给他很大的关照但没有给他见到真实面相。据当时早在1829年的谣传说，卡斯帕·豪泽尔是巴登国的继位王子，生于1812年9月29日，而在一个月之后就夭折了。据说，这个王子被一个垂死的婴儿替换了。真正的卡斯帕·豪泽尔就是16年之后出现在纽伦堡的这个。后来，豪泽尔死于可能是由自己造成的胸上刺伤。据豪泽尔说，在他是婴儿的时候他曾被看管他的人刺伤过。

2002年，德国明斯特大学从一些声称是卡斯帕·豪泽尔的衣物和头发中，提取分析了头发和身体细胞。把他的DNA样品跟阿斯特丽德·范·米丁格的DNA片段对照。米丁格是斯蒂芬妮皇后的母性线上的后代，假如卡斯帕·豪泽尔真的是巴登国的继位王子，那么斯蒂芬妮皇后就应该是他的母亲。结果显示，DNA的序列是不一致的，但这种背离并不足以排除他们的关系，因为这个很可能是由基因突变引起的。

7 Kaspar Hauser

On May 26, 1828 a teenage boy appeared in the streets of Nuremberg, Germany. He carried a letter with him which was addressed to a captain of 6th cavalry regiment. The anonymous author said that the boy was given into his custody, as an infant, on the 7th October 1812, and that he had never let him “take a single step out of my house”. Now the boy would like to be a cavalryman, thus the captain should take him in or hang him. Hauser claimed that he had, for as long as he could think back, spent his life always totally alone in a darkened 2×1×1.5 metre cell (little more than the size of a one-person bed in area) with only a straw bed to sleep on and a horse carved out of wood for a toy. Hauser claimed that the first human being he ever had had contact with had been a mysterious man who had visited him not long before his release, always taking great care not to reveal his face to him. According to contemporary rumors - probably current as early as 1829 - Kaspar Hauser was the hereditary prince of Baden that was born on September 29, 1812 and had died within a month. It was claimed that this prince had been switched with a dying baby, and had indeed appeared 16 years later as “Kaspar Hauser” in Nuremberg. Hauser died after receiving a stab wound to the chest which was possible self-inflicted. He claimed he had been stabbed by the man who had kept him as an infant.

In 2002, the University of Münster analyzed hair and body cells from locks of hair and items of clothing that were alleged to belong to Kaspar Hauser. The DNA samples were compared to a DNA segment of Astrid von Medinger, a descendant in the female line of Stéphanie de Beauharnais, who would have been Kaspar Hauser’s mother if indeed he had been the hereditary prince of Baden. The sequences were not identical but the deviation observed is not large enough to exclude a relationship, as it could be caused by a mutation.

十大神秘人物第六位——Fulcanelli

Fulcanelli（1839－？1953）是19世纪后期一个法国炼金术士，同时他也作为作家，这是他的笔名，至今他的身份仍不能确定。有关于他的一生及其作品有太多的神秘，因此他代表了一种文化的现象。在其铺天盖地般的传说中，有一个就被一遍又一遍地说起，这就是他深爱的一个学生（Eugene Canseliet，如图）成功地将100克的石墨转化成黄金的故事，而其中转化的关键就是这个学生用到了少量他的老师给他的，所谓的“投射粉”。

据说在二战的后期，阿勃韦尔（德国情报部门）为了获得Fulcanelli关于核武器技术的知识，计划抓到Fulcanelli，但是都无功而返。Fulcanelli后来会见了法国的一个原子物理学家，并把核武器技术的详细资料给了他，还对他说，核武器在过去很长一段时间里，已经被反人道地运用了。

“据Canseliet说，他最后一次遇到Fulcanelli是在1953年（那年之后Fulcanelli就消失了），他说他前往西班牙被带到坐落在高山里的古堡，与他的老师见面。在Canseliet的印象里，老师已经是个80多岁的老人，但当时出现在他面前的老师变得却比以前更年轻了，看起来他只是50多岁的样子。这次简短的团圆之后， Fulcanelli再次消失于世，没有留下任何下落。至此，到1953年的时候Fulcanelli应该有114岁了。”

6 Fulcanelli

Fulcanelli (1839 - ?1953) is a pseudonym of a late 19th century French Alchemist and author whose identity is still unknown. Much mystery surrounds his life and works - leading to him being branded a cultural phenomenon. One of the more extravagant tales retells how his devoted pupil (Eugene Canseliet - pictured above) successfully transformed 100 grams of lead in to gold with the use of a small quantity of “Projection Powder” given to him by his teacher.

It is believed that on the verge of World War II, the Abwehr (German intelligence service) was in active (but fruitless) pursuit of Fulcanelli because of his knowledge of the technology of nuclear weapons. Fulcanelli had met with a French atomic physicist and given him accurate details regarding nuclear weapons technology and he claimed that atomic weaponry had been used against humanity in time long past.

“According to Canseliet (Fulcanelli’s student), his last encounter with Fulcanelli happened in 1953 (years after his disappearance), when he went to Spain and was taken to a castle high in the mountains for a rendezvous with his former master. Canseliet had known Fulcanelli as an old man in his 80s but now the Master had grown younger: he was a man in his 50s. The reunion was brief and Fulcanelli once again disappeared leaving no trace of his whereabouts. At this time, Fulcanelli would have been 114 years old.”

十大神秘人物第五位——D·B·库帕

D·B·库帕（又叫做“丹·库帕”）是给一个臭名昭著的劫机犯的名号。此人于1971年11月24日，携带着20万美元的勒索金，从一架当时正好飞行在美国西北太平洋地区南卡斯卡底某地上空的波音727飞机后面，一跃而出。

库帕从那时开始就从没被见过，当然也不知道他跳机时是否还生还。1980年，一个八岁大的男孩在哥伦比亚河边发现了总数为5800美元的面值20美元的钞票，这些湿透的钞票是被河水冲刷来到了岸上。钞票的序列号刚好与库帕劫机的勒索金一致，这就使得后来追踪库帕变得更容易了。

库帕是背着一个降落伞从登机梯后面跳机逃跑。后来航空主管部门对飞机的设计加强了改进措施，防止此类事件再度发生。此外，这个事件促使机场首次安装了金属探测仪。

5 D. B. Cooper

D. B. Cooper (aka “Dan Cooper”) is a pseudonym given to a notorious aircraft hijacker who, on November 24, 1971, after receiving a ransom payout of $200,000, leapt from the back of a Boeing 727 as it was flying over the Pacific Northwest somewhere over the southern Cascades.

Cooper has not been seen since and it is not known whether he survived the jump. In 1980, an eight year old boy found $5,800 of soggy $20 bills washed up on the banks of the Columbia river. The serial numbers matched those of the ransom money which had been noted to make it easier to track Cooper later.

Cooper escaped from the plane by jumping off the rear airstair with a parachute leading aviation authorities to add stricter measures about the design of planes to prevent it from happening again. In addition, this event caused airports to install metal detectors for the first time.

十大神秘人物第四位——圣·日尔曼伯爵
  
圣·日尔曼伯爵（据说死于1784年2月27日）是一个集朝臣、冒险家、发明家、业余科学家、小提琴手、业余作曲者于一身的神秘绅士。他同时具有一些与炼金术相关的技能。所以他被人们称为“奇妙非凡的人”。他的身世未知，但消失的时候又不留一丝痕迹。1745年，英国著名作家荷拉斯·沃尔浦尔对他写道：

“……前几天，他们抓到一个奇怪的人，他用着的名字叫圣日尔曼伯爵。这两年到这里的，他从不说他是谁，或是从何而来，但却对人声称他用的名字不是他的真名。他唱歌拉小提琴都很棒,但调子有点悲伤，就是人有点不太聪明。人们有叫他意大利人、西班牙人，还有波兰人的；又有人说他是一个墨西哥富人的女婿，却带着他老婆的珠宝跑到了君斯坦丁堡；有人说，他是牧师，是小提琴家，或是阔手的贵族。威尔士的王子对他怀有无尽的好奇，想知道他的一些事，但都是徒劳。到最后，一点问题都没有看出来，他就被释放了。对我来说，我可以相信的是他不是一个绅士，他留在这里，是否是在从事着间谍的工作。”

自从他死后，各种各样的神秘组织把他当作他们的模范甚至是一个强大的神。而且近些年，陆续又有几个人出来声称他们就是圣·日尔曼。

4 Comte St Germain

The Count of St. Germain (allegedly died February 27, 1784) was a courtier, adventurer, inventor, amateur scientist, violinist, amateur composer, and a mysterious gentleman; he also displayed some skills associated with the practice of alchemy. He was known as ‘Der Wundermann’ — ‘The Wonderman’. He was a man whose origin was unknown and who disappeared without leaving a trace. In 1745, Horace Walpole wrote of him:

…the other day they seized an odd man, who goes by the name of Count St. Germain. He has been here these two years, and will not tell who he is, or whence, but professes that he does not go by his right name. He sings, plays on the violin wonderfully, composes, is mad, and not very sensible. He is called an Italian, a Spaniard, a Pole; a somebody that married a great fortune in Mexico, and ran away with her jewels to Constantinople; a priest, a fiddler, a vast nobleman. The Prince of Wales has had unsatiated curiosity about him, but in vain. However, nothing has been made out against him; he is released; and, what convinces me that he is not a gentleman, stays here, and talks of his being taken up for a spy.

Since his death, various occult organizations have adopted him as a model figure or even as a powerful deity. In recent years several people have claimed to be the Count of St. Germain.

十大神秘人物第三位——铁面人

铁面人（死于1703年11月）是一个囚犯，在法国国王路易十四统治期间，曾在多个监狱被关押过，其中包括巴士底狱。此人的身份目前尚不清楚。因为他的脸隐藏在一副软绒面具里，从来没人见到过。而流传下来的故事里涉及到这副面具时都说是铁面具。首次有这个囚犯的记载是在1669年，那时一个路易十四的大臣把他转移安置在皮格纳鲁监狱，并要求要在监狱长的照看下。

据当时囚犯随身带过去的一封信，此人叫厄斯塔什·多热尔。信上要求，监狱长要准备一间设有多层门的小房子给他，以阻止外面的任何人听到里面说话。这个囚犯被告知，假如他跟其他人提及无关于他目前的需求，他将被杀死。监狱长是唯一能够看到这个囚犯的人，并且每天给他送食物吃。这个囚犯死后，他的一切所有物都被销毁了。时至今日，没有人知道他究竟是谁。

3 Man in the Iron Mask

The Man in the Iron Mask (died November 1703) was a prisoner held in a number of Jails (including the Bastille) during the reign of King Louis XIV of France. The true identity of the man is unknown because no one ever saw his face which was hidden by a black velvet mask. Fictional retellings of the story refer to the mask as an “Iron” mask. The first records that mention the prisoner are from 1669 when Louis XIV’s minister placed the prisoner in the care of the governor of the prison of Pignerol.

According to the letter that accompanied him, the man’s name was Eustache Dauger. The letter instructed the governor to prepare a cell with multiple doors - to prevent anyone outside from listening in. The prisoner was told that if he spoke to anyone of anything other than his immediate needs, he would be killed. The Governor was the only person who was to see the prisoner, and he provided him with his daily food. When the prisoner died, all of his belongings were destroyed. To this day, no one knows who he was.

十大神秘人物第二位——吉尔·佩雷斯

吉尔·佩雷斯是一名西班牙士兵，在1593年10月26日那天，他突然现身在墨西哥城。他当时正身穿一身卫兵制服，这个制服只有在菲律宾的德尔·戈博南多宫殿的士兵才穿。他说他并不知道他为什么会出现在墨西哥。他描述说，在他发现他来到了墨西哥的之前，他正在马尼拉的总督宫殿值岗哨。他还说，总督（Gómez Pérez Dasmariñas阁下）刚刚被杀害。

两个月之后，来自菲律宾的消息经一艘船漂洋过海到了墨西哥。墨西哥人知道了总督确实是被杀害了，他们还从其他方面查证了佩雷斯的身世故事。有目击者证实说，佩雷斯在来到墨西哥之前，他是真的正在马尼拉执行任务。而且，船上有一个的乘客认出了佩雷斯，并发誓说，他在10月23日那天在菲律宾见过佩雷斯。佩雷斯最终回到了菲律宾，重新开始了他的生活。他平安无事地度完了他的一生，直到他死去。

2 Gil Pérez

Gil Perez was a Spanish solder who suddenly appeared in Mexico City on October 26, 1593. He was wearing the uniform of the guards of the Del Gobernador Palace in the Philippines. He claimed to have no idea how he had managed to appear in Mexico. He stated that moments before finding himself there, he had been on sentry duty in Manila at the governor’s Palace. He told them that the governor (Don Gómez Pérez Dasmariñas) had just been assassinated.

Two months later, news arrived from the Philippines by ship. They carried news that confirmed that the governor had been killed and they verified other aspects of Perez’s story. Witnesses confirmed that Perez had indeed been on duty in Manila just before arriving in Mexico. In addition, one of the passengers on the ship recognized Perez and swore that he had seen him in the Philippines on October 23. Perez eventually returned to the Philippines and resumed his life - which was uneventful until his death.

十大神秘人物第一位——伍匹德的绿孩子

伍匹德的绿孩子其实是有两个孩子，他们在12世纪时出现于英国索夫克郡伍匹德的一个乡村里。一个男孩一个女孩，他们一身的绿色的皮肤，此外一切外表都跟平常人一样。他们说着一种不为人知的语言，拒绝吃任何食物除了豆荚的豆子。后来，他们的皮肤褪去了绿色。当他们学会了英语，向人们解释说，他们来自“圣马丁地”，那里是个黑暗的地方，因为太阳在地平线下，从来不见升起。他们说，他们是在照看父亲的牛群的时候，听到钟声然后沿着一条光河一路走，最后发现他们来到了伍匹德。

一些非同寻常的理论，试图解释孩子的由来。有的说他们是地心的孩子；有的说是二维世界的孩子；而有的直接说他们是外星人的孩子。

1 Green Children of Woolpit

The Green Children of Woolpit were two children who appeared in the village of Woolpit in Suffolk, UK, in the 12th century. The children were brother and sister and they had green colored skin. Their appearance was normal in all other areas. They spoke an unrecognized language and refused to eat anything other than pitch from bean pods. Eventually their skin lost its green color. When they learned English they explained that they were from the 'Land of St Martin' which was a dark place because the sun never rose far above the horizon. They claimed that they were tending their father’s herd and followed a river of light when they heard the sounds of bells - finding themselves in Woolpit.

Some of the more unusual theories proposed for the origin of the children are that they were Hollow Earth children, parallel dimension children, or Extraterrestrial children.

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