检验美国初中生英文水平的100个单词词源解析-3

大家都知道 sist 表示“站”，但为什么和 stand 等里边的词根形式差异很大，呈现这样的“外形”，可能很多人并不了解。

这里的词根 sist 涉及到了一个概念：重叠或重复形式（reduplicated form）的词根。
像 assist，consist，insist，persist，resist 等词里边的词根 sist 就是重叠形式的词根。
重叠形式的词根是如何组成的呢？
把词根开始字母和一个元音加为前缀，就形成了重叠形式的词根。
如 stand 等词对应的印欧词根形式为 *stā-，把词根开始字母即 *stā-的 s 和一个元音 i 加为前缀所形成的 sist，表示的意思也是“站”。
重叠形式的词根意思和原来词根的意思是相同的。

persist /pəˈsɪst /（per-贯穿，彻底，sist站；始终站着→）
vi. 1. ~ (in sth/in doing sth), ~ (with sth) to continue to do sth despite difficulties or opposition, in a way that can seem unreasonable 顽强地坚持；执著地做
2. to continue to exist 维持；保持；持续存在
Why do you persist in blaming yourself for what happened?
你何必为已发生的事没完没了地自责？
She persisted in her search for the truth.
她执著地追求真理。
He persisted with his questioning.
他问个不停。
If the symptoms persist, consult your doctor.
如果症状持续不消除，就得去看医生。

4. persistent/pəˈsɪstənt/（见上，-ent 形容词后缀）
a. 1. determined to do sth despite difficulties, especially when other people are against you and think that you are being annoying or unreasonable 执著的；不屈不挠的；坚持不懈的
2. continuing for a long period of time without interruption, or repeated frequently, especially in a way that is annoying and cannot be stopped 连绵的；持续的；反复出现的

How do you deal with persistent salesmen who won't take no for an answer?
你怎么对付那些不轻言放弃、一直纠缠下去的推销员？
He phoned again this morning. He's very persistent.
今天早晨他又打来了电话。他非常执著。
His cough grew more persistent until it never stopped.
他咳嗽持续的时间越来越长，直到咳个不停。
 

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