第2课：used to 的用法

一.本课要点及示例

   今天我们要练习两个词组, 一个是 used to, u-s-e-d t-o, used to, 另外一个是动加上to, t-o, to 再加上动词, 也就是 like to do 和 want to go 等等的动词短语.首先请你听一段对话, 内容是说 Henry  跟他表妹 Susan 在谈做运动. 我们先把    这段对话用正常速度念一遍, 请你注意正确的发音跟语调的抑扬顿挫.

   M: Susan, what do you do for exercise?
   F:  I go swimming once a week.
   M: I used to swim in high school, but I don't have time anymore.
   F:  That's too bad. Exercise is really important.
   M: I know. I'm getting a little fat. I didn't use to be this heavy.
   F:  Well, I'm going swimming tonight. Do you want to go with me?
   M: Okay. I really need to get in shape again.

   现在我们把这段对话用慢速度再念一遍, 请注意听.

   M: Susan, what do you do for exercise?
   F:  I go swimming once a week.
   M: I used to swim in high school, but I don't have time anymore.
   F:  That's too bad. Exercise is really important.
   M: I know. I'm getting a little fat. I didn't use to be this heavy.
   F:  Well, I'm going swimming tonight. Do you want to go with me?
   M: Okay. I really need to get in shape again.

   现在我们把刚才那段会话里包含了今天要学的语法,    也就是有 used  to 跟有动词加上 to 再加上动词的句子挑出来用慢速度再念一遍给你听.

   M: I used to swim in high school.
   M: I didn't use to be this heavy.
   F:  Do you want to go with me?
   M: I really need to get in shape again.

二. USED TO

   首先我们练习 used  to 的用法.    这个词组是表示过去常常做一件事而现在不再做了.

   下面我们用 used to 跟在上一课里学过的字作句子; 每个句子念两遍, 请你注意听, 同时, 在念第二遍的时候也请你跟着说.

   M: Henry used to wear old gloves.
   F:  Henry used to wear old gloves.
   M: He used to sit next to me in school.
   F:  He used to sit next to me in school.
   M: Susan used to drink a lot of milk.
   F:  Susan used to drink a lot of milk.
   M: She used to live far from the store.
   F:  She used to live far from the store.
   M: Henry and Kate used to go to small parties.
   F:  Henry and Kate used to go to small parties.
   M: They used to go out to eat.
   F:  They used to go out to eat.

   下面我们来作换字练习. 先由老师念一个有 used to 这个词组的句子, 接着老师念一个短语, 学生就把这个短语换进句子里. 现在先举个例子:

   M: I used to swim in high school.
   M: to play basketball
   F: I used to play basketball in high school.

   好, 现在我们开始. 在学生做练习的时候, 请你也一起做.

   M: I used to swim in high school.
   M: to play basketball
   F:  I used to play basketball in high school.
   M: to play volleyball
   F:  I used to play volleyball in high school.
   M: to exercise
   F:  I used to exercise in high school.
   M: to run
   F:  I used to run in high school.

   好了, 现在我们看一看怎么样把 He used to swim in high school. 变成问句. 在这个句子变成问句的时候必须用did, d-i-d, did 开头,于是这句话就变成了Did he  use  to swim  in  high  school?    再举一个例子:  把 She used  to  exercise in  high school. 这句话变成问句, 就要这样说: Did  she  use to  exercise in  high school?

   现在我们来做练习. 由老师念一个有 used  to 这个词组的句子,叫学生把这些句子改为问句. 现在请你注意听.

   M: He used to swim in high school.
   F:  Did he use to swim in high school?
   M: She used to play basketball in high school.
   F:  Did she use to play basketball in high school?
   M: You used to play volleyball in high school.
   F:  Did you use to play volleyball in high school?
   M: They used to exercise in high school.
   F:  Did they use to exercise in high school?
   M: Henry used to run in high school.
   F:  Did Henry use to run in high school?

   现在我们换一个方法作练习.由老师念一个句子,请你用where, w-h-e-r-e, where这个字, 把句子改成问句. 首先还是举个例子:

   M: He used to swim in a river.
   F: Where did he use to swim?

   好, 现在我们正式开始. 在你把句子改为问句之后, 请听正确答案.

   M: He used to swim in a river.
   F:  Where did he use to swim?
   M: She used to work in the factory.
   F:  Where did she use to work?
   M: They used to play volleyball in their backyard.
   F:  Where did they use to play volleyball?
   M: Susan used to run in the park.
   F:  Where did Susan use to run?

   现在我们再换一个方式来做练习. 先由老师用 when, w-h-e-n, when这个字, 问一个有 used to 这个词组的问句, 接着老师提出一个说明时间的词组, 请你用时间词组来回答问题. 首先举个例子:

   M: When did he use to get up?
   M: at seven o'clock
   F: He used to get up at seven o'clock.

   现在我们正式开始. 在你回答之后, 还是请你听我们的正确答案.

   M: When did he use to get up?
   M: at seven o'clock
   F:  He used to get up at seven o'clock.
   M: When did she use to have a lot of time?
   M: after school
   F:  She used to have a lot of time after school.
   M: When did they use to go to soccer games?
   M: on Sundays
   F:  They used to go to soccer games on Sundays.
   M: When did Kate use to have a vacation?
   M: in the summer
   F:  Kate used to have a vacation in the summer.

三.动词 + TO + 动词

   刚才我们练习了怎么用 used to 这个词组, 现在我们来学习动词加上  to,  t-o, to再加上动词的用法. 首先请你听一个句子:  I like to play   volleyball. 这个句子有两个动词like 和play. 这两个动词是由 to, 这个字联在一起的,   to play volleyball   就是 like 这个动词的宾语. 再举一个例子: She likes to listen to music. 这个句子的宾语就是 to listen to music.

   现在我们来练习这类句子. 练习的内容都是说亨利到了周未喜欢在家做些什么.

   每个句子我们念两遍, 在念第二遍的时候请你跟着念.

   M: Henry likes to eat at home on weekends.
   F:  Henry likes to eat at home on weekends.
   M: Henry likes to cook his own dinner on weekends.
   F:  Henry likes to cook his own dinner on weekends.
   M: Henry likes to make fancy dishes on weekends.
   F:  Henry likes to make fancy dishes on weekends.
   M: Henry likes to invite friends on weekends.
   F:  Henry likes to invite friends on weekends.

   除了 like 这个动词, 其他动词, 比方: love, l-o-v-e, love, want, w-a-n-t,  want,  plan,   p-l-a-n, plan,  try, t-r-y, try, need, n-e-e-d, need,  prefer,    p-r-e-f-e-r,  prefer, 都可以这样用. 现在我们用这些动词来作换字练习. 首先举个例子:

   M: Susan loves to exercise.
   M: wants to play tennis
   F: Susan wants to play tennis.

   好, 现在我们开始. 在你回答之后, 请注意听正确答案.

   M: Susan loves to exercise.
   M: wants to play tennis
   F:  Susan wants to play tennis.
   M: plans to go swimming
   F:  Susan plans to go swimming.
   M: tries to run very fast
   F:  Susan tries to run very fast.
   M: needs to study hard
   F:  Susan needs to study hard.
   M: prefers to travel by train.
   F:  Susan prefers to travel by train.

   下面我们换一个方式作练习.  先由老师念一个陈述句,  叫学生改为问句.  请你注意, 改为问句的时候必须要用 does, d-o-e-s, does. 现在请你注意听.

   M: Susan loves to exercise.
   F:  Does Susan love to exercise?
   M: Susan wants to play tennis.
   F:  Does Susan want to play tennis?
   M: Susan plans to go swimming.
   F:  Does Susan plan to go swimming?
   M: Susan tries to run very fast.
   F:  Does Susan try to run very fast?
   M: Susan needs to study hard.
   F:  Does Susan need to study hard?
   M: Susan prefers to travel by train.
   F:  Does Susan prefer to travel by train?

   在下面一组练习里, 由老师念一些句子, 请你用what, w-h-a-t, what 这个字把原来的句子改为问句, 然后请你听正确答案.

   M: Henry loves to cook his own dinner.
   F:  What does Henry love to cook?
   M: Henry likes to make fancy dishes.
   F:  What does Henry like to make?
   M: Susan wants to play tennis.
   F:  What does Susan want to play?
   M: Susan needs to study for test.
   F:  What does Susan need to study for?
   M: Kate plans to buy a dress.
   F:  What does Kate plan to buy?
   M: Kate prefers to have a small party.
   F:  What does Kate prefer to have?

四. 听短文回答问题

   现在我们来测验一下你的听力.首先请你听一段文章,内容是说亨利一家人怎么旅行,谈到了坐火车有什么好处.
   好, 现在请你注意听.

   Henry  used  to  travel  by    train.    Nowadays  there  are  fewer   trains   and  Henry,  like  most people, prefers to travel by car. Henry's wife, Kate, however, still likes to travel by  train. She wants to relax and she doesn't  need  to  worry about gas, repairs, or parking when traveling by train. Henry's cousin, Susan, and her parents live in New York. They take the train to their jobs everyday. They  travel  by  train  because   they   don't  like to drive in city traffic.

   刚才那段文章不知道你听懂了多少?  等一会儿,    我们再用慢速度给你念一遍.    现在请你注意听我们要测验的三个问题.

   第一个问题是:
   M: How did Henry use to travel?
   第二个问题是:
   M: Does Kate still like to travel by train?
   第三个问题是:
   M: Why do Susan and her parents take the train to their jobs?

   好了,现在我们用慢速度再把文章念一遍,请你特别注意刚才那三个问题的答案.

   Henry  used  to  travel  by    train.    Nowadays  there  are  fewer   trains   and  Henry,  like  most people, prefers to travel by car. Henry's wife, Kate, however, still likes to travel by  train. She wants to relax and she doesn't  need  to  worry about gas, repairs, or parking when traveling by train. Henry's cousin, Susan, and her parents live in New York. They take the train to their jobs everyday. They  travel  by  train  because   they   don't  like to drive in city traffic.

   好了, 现在请你回答今天测验的三个问题. 在回答之后, 请你注意听正确答案.

   下面是第一个问题.
   M: How did Henry use to travel?
   F: He used to travel by train.

   现在请回答第二个问题:
   M: Does Kate still like to travel by train?
   F: Yes,she still likes to travel by train.

   第三个问题比较长, 请你注意听:
   M: Why do Susan and her parents take the train to their jobs?
   F: They take the train because they don't like to drive in city traffic.