2003年9月大学英语六级考试试题及参考答案
Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Example:
You will hear:
You will read:
A) 2 hours.
B) 3 hours.
C) 4 hours.
D) 5 hours.
From the conversation, we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9’ o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.
Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]
1. A) The lecture for next Monday is cancelled.
B) The lecture wasn’t as successful as expected.
C) The woman doesn’t want to attend the lecture.
D) The woman may attend next Monday’s lecture. （ D ）
2. A) The woman has a very tight budget.
B) He does not think the fur coat is worth buying.
C) He’s willing to lend the woman money for the fur coat.
D) The woman is not careful enough in planning her spending. （ D ）
3. A) Clean the kitchen.
B) Ask someone to fix the sink.
C) Find a bigger apartment for the lady.
D) Check the work done by the maintenance man. （ B ）
4. A) The lens.
B) The price.
C) The flash.
D) The leather case. （ B ）
5. A) She needs another haircut soon.
B) She thinks it worthwhile to try Sadermale’s.
C) She knows a less expensive place for a haircut.
D) She would like to make an appointment for the man. （ C ）
6. A) The woman doesn’t want to cook a meal.
B) The woman wants to have a picnic.
C) The woman has a poor memory.
D) The woman likes Mexican food. （ A ）
7. A) Everyone enjoyed himself at John’s panics.
B) The woman didn’t enjoy John’s parties at all.
C) It will be the first time for the man to attend John’s party.
D) The woman is glad to be invited to John’s house-warming party. （ B ）
8. A) She lacks confidence in herself.
B) She is not interested in computer programming.
C) She has never signed up for any competition before.
D) She is sure to win the programming contest. （ A ）
9. A) The man has an enormous amount of work to do.
B) The man has made plans for his vacation.
C) The man will take work with him on his vacation.
D) Work stacked up during the man’s last vacation. （ A ）
10. A) She likes the job of feeding fish.
B) She finds her new job interesting.
C) She feels unfit for her new job.
D) She’s not in good health. （ C ）
Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.
11. A) Rally support for their movement.
B) Liberate women from tedious housework.
C) Claim their rights to equal job opportunities.
D) Express their anger against sex discrimination. （ D ）
12. A) It will bring a lot of trouble to the local people.
B) It is a popular form of art.
C) It will spoil the natural beauty of their surroundings.
D) It is popular among rock stars. （ B ）
13. A) To show that mindless graffiti can provoke violence.
B) To show that Londoners have a special liking for graffiti.
C) To show that graffiti, in some cases, can constitute a crime.
D) To show that graffiti can make the environment more colorful. （ C ）
Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.
14. A) The Asian elephant is easier to tame.
B) The Asian elephant’s skin is more valuable.
C) The Asian elephant is less popular with tourists.
D) The Asian elephant produces ivory of a better quality. （ A ）
15. A) From the captured or tamed elephants.
B) From the British wildlife protection group.
C) From elephant hunters in Thailand and Burma.
D) From tourists visiting the Thai-Burmese border. （ A ）
16. A) Their taming for circuses and zoos.
B) The destruction of their natural homes.
C) Man’s lack of knowledge about their behavior.
D) The greater vulnerability to extinction than other species. （ B ）
Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.
17. A) They had lost their jobs as a result of the Industrial Revolution.
B) They had been suffering from political and religious oppression.
C) They wanted to flee from the widespread famine in Northern Europe.
D) They wanted to make a fortune there by starting their own businesses. （ A ）
18. A) They might lose control of their members because of the increase in immigration.
B) Their members might find it difficult to get along with the newcomers.
C) The working condition of their members might deteriorate.
D) Their members might lose their jobs to the newcomers. （ D ）
19. A) To impose restrictions on further immigration.
B) To improve the working conditions of immigrants.
C) To set a minimum wage level for new immigrants.
D) To put requirements on languages for newcomers. （ A ）
20. A) They were looked down upon by European immigrants.
B) They had a hard time seeking equal job opportunities.
C) They worked very hard to earn a decent living.
D) They strongly opposed continued immigration. （ C ）
Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
In 1985 when a Japan Air Lines (JAL) jet crashed, its president, Yasumoto Takagi, called each victim’s family to apologize, and then promptly resigned. And in 1987, when a subsidiary of Toshiba sole sensitive military technology to the former Soviet Union, the chairman of Toshiba gave up his post.
These executive actions, which Toshiba calls “the highest form of apology,” may seem bizarre to US managers. No one at Boeing resigned after the JAL crash, which may have been caused by a faulty Boeing repair.
The difference between the two business cultures centers around different definitions of delegation.
While US executives give both responsibility and authority to their employees, Japanese executives delegate only authority—the responsibility is still theirs. Although the subsidiary that sold the sensitive technology to the Soviets had its own management, the Toshiba top executives said they “must take personal responsibility for not creating an atmosphere throughout the Toshiba group that would make such activity unthinkable, even in an independently run subsidiary.”
Such acceptance of community responsibility is not unique to businesses in Japan. School principals in Japan have resigned when their students committed major crimes after school hours.
Even if they do not quit, Japanese executives will often accept primary responsibility in other ways, such as taking the first pay cut when a company gets into financial trouble. Such personal sacrifices, even if they are largely symbolic, help to create the sense of community and employee loyalty that is crucial to the Japanese way of doing business.
Harvard Business School professor George Lodge calls the ritual acceptance of blame “almost a feudal ( 封建的 ) way of purging ( 清除 ) the community of dishonor,” and to some in the United States, such resignations look cowardly. However, in an era in which both business and governmental leaders seem particularly good at evading responsibility, many US managers would probably welcome an infusion ( 灌输 ) of the Japanese sense of responsibility. If, for instance, US automobile company executives offered to reduce their own salaries before they asked their workers to take pay cuts, negotiations would probably take on a very different character.
21. Why did the chairman of Toshiba resign his position in 1987?
A) Because in Japan, the leakage of a state secret to Russians is a grave crime.
B) Because he had been under attack for shifting responsibility to his subordinates.
C) Because in Japan, the chief executive of a corporation is held responsible for the mistake made by its subsidiaries.
D) Because he had been accused of being cowardly towards crises that were taking place in his corporation. （ C ）
22. According to the passage if you want to be a good manager in Japan, you have to ________.
A) apologize promptly for your subordinates’ mistakes
B) be skillful in accepting blames from customers
C) make symbolic sacrifices whenever necessary
D) create a strong sense of company loyalty （ A ）
23. What’s Professor George Lodge’s attitude towards the resignations of Japanese corporate leaders?
A) Sympathetic.
B) Biased.
C) Critical.
D) Approving. （ C ）
24. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A) Boeing had nothing to do with the JAL air crash in 1985.
B) American executives consider authority and responsibility inseparable.
C) School principals bear legal responsibility for students’ crimes.
D) Persuading employees to take pay cuts doesn’t help solve corporate crises. （ B ）
25. The passage is mainly about ________.
A) resignation as an effective way of dealing with business crises
B) the importance of delegating responsibility to employees
C) ways of evading responsibility in times of crises
D) the difference between two business cultures （ D ）
Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
As machines go, the car is not terribly noisy, nor terribly polluting, nor terribly dangerous; and on all those dimensions it has become better as the century has grown older. The main problem is its prevalence, and the social costs that ensue from the use by everyone of something that would be fairly harmless if, say, only the rich were to use it. It is a price we pay for equality.
Before becoming too gloomy, it is worth recalling why the car has been arguably the most successful and popular product of the whole of the past 100 years—and remains so. The story begins with the environmental improvement it brought in the 1900s. In New York city in 1900, according to the Car Culture, a 1975 book by J. Flink, a historian, horses deposited 2.5 million pounds of manure ( 粪 ) and 60,000 gallons of urine ( 尿 ) every day. Every year, the city authorities had to remove an average of 15,000 dead horses from the streets, it made cars smell of roses.
Cars were also wonderfully flexible. The main earlier solution to horse pollution and traffic jams was the electric trolley bus ( 电车 ). But that required fixed overhead wires, and rails and platforms, which were expensive, ugly, and inflexible. The car could go from any A to any B, and allowed towns to develop in all directions with low-density housing, rather than just being concentrated along the trolley or rail lines. Rural areas benefited too, for they became less remote.
However, since pollution became a concern in the 1950s, experts have predicted—wrongly—that the car boom was about to end. In his book Mr. Flink argued that by 1973 the American market had become saturated, at one car for every 2.25 people, and so had the markets of Japan and Western Europe (because of land shortages). Environmental worries and diminishing oil reserves would prohibit mass car use anywhere else.
He was wrong. Between 1970 and 1990, whereas America’s population grew by 23%, the number of cars on its roads grew by 60%. There is now one car for every 1.7 people there, one for every 2.1 in Japan, one for every 5.3 in Britain. Around 550 million cars are already on the roads, not to mention all the trucks and mocorcyeles, and about 50 million new ones are made each year worldwide. Will it go on? Undoubtedly, because people want it to.
26. As is given in the first paragraph, the reason why the car has become a problem is that ________.
A) poor people can’t afford it
B) it is too expensive to maintain
C) too many people are using it
D) it causes too many road accidents （ B ）
27. According to the passage, the car started to gain popularity because ________.
A) it didn’t break down as easily as a horse
B) it had a comparatively pleasant odor
C) it caused less pollution than horses
D) it brightened up the gloomy streets （ C ）
28. What impact did the use of cars have on society?
A) People were compelled to leave downtown areas.
B) People were able to live in less crowded suburban areas.
C) Business along trolley and rail lines slackened.
D) City streets were free of ugly overhead wires. （ B ）
29. Mr. Flink argued in his book that cars would not be widely used in other countries because ________.
A) the once booming car market has become saturated
B) traffic jams in those countries are getting more and more serious
C) expensive motorways are not available in less developed countries
D) people worry about pollution and the diminishing oil resources （ D ）
30. What’s wrong with Mr. Flink’s prediction?
A) The use of automobiles has kept increasing worldwide.
B) New generations of cars are virtually pollution free.
C) The population of America has not increased as fast.
D) People’s environmental concerns are constantly increasing. （ A ）
Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Crying is hardly an activity encouraged by society. Tears, be they of sorrow, anger, or joy, typically make Americans feel uncomfortable and embarrassed. The shedder of tears is likely to apologize, even when a devastating ( 毁灭性的 ) tragedy was the provocation. The observer of tears is likely to do everything possible to put an end to the emotional outpouring. But judging from recent studies of crying behavior, links between illness and crying and the chemical composition of tears, both those responses to tears are often inappropriate and may even be counterproductive.
Humans are the only animals definitely known to shed emotional tears. Since evolution has given rise to few, if any, purposeless physiological responses, it is logical to assume that crying has one or more functions that enhance survival.
Although some observers have suggested that crying is a way to elicit assistance from others (as a crying baby might from its mother), the shedding of tears is hardly necessary to get help. Vocal cries would have been quite enough, more likely than tears to gain attention. So, it appears, there must be something special about tears themselves.
Indeed, the new studies suggest that emotional tears may play a direct role in alleviating stress. University of Minnesota researchers who are studying the chemical composition of tears have recently isolated two important chemicals from emotional tears. Both chemicals are found only in tears that are shed in response to emotion. Tears shed because of exposure to cut onion would contain no such substance.
Researchers at several other institutions are investigating the usefulness of tears as a means of diagnosing human ills and monitoring drugs.
At Tulane University’s Teat Analysis Laboratory Dr. Peter Kastl and his colleagues report that they can use tears to detect drug abuse and exposure to medication ( 药物 ), to determine whether a contact lens fits properly of why it may be uncomfortable, to study the causes of “dry eye” syndrome and the effects of eye surgery, and perhaps even to measure exposure to environmental pollutants.
At Columbia University Dr. Liasy Faris and colleagues are studying tears for clues to the diagnosis of diseases away from the eyes. Tears can be obtained painlessly without invading the body and only tiny amounts are needed to perform highly refined analyses.
31. It is known from the first paragraph that ________.
A) shedding tears gives unpleasant feelings to American
B) crying may often imitate people or even result in tragedy
C) crying usually wins sympathy from other people
D) one who sheds tears in public will be blamed （ A ）
32. What does “both those responses to tears” (Line 5, Para, 1) refer to?
A) Crying out of sorrow and shedding tears for happiness.
B) The embarrassment and unpleasant sensation of the observers.
C) The tear shedder’s apology and the observer’s effort to stop the crying.
D) Linking illness with crying and finding the chemical composition of tears. （ C ）
33. “Counterproductive” (Lines 5, Para, 1) very probably means “________”.
A) having no effect at all
B) leading to tension
C) producing disastrous impact
D) harmful to health （ D ）
34. What does the author say about crying?
A) It is a pointless physiological response to the environment.
B) It must have a role to play in man’s survival.
C) It is meant to get attention and assistance.
D) It usually produces the desired effect. （ B ）
35. What can be inferred from the new studies of tears?
A) Emotional tears have the function of reducing stress.
B) Exposure to excessive medication may increase emotional tears.
C) Emotional tears can give rise to “dry eye” syndrome in some cases.
D) Environmental pollutants can induce the shedding of emotional tears. （ A ）
Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
It is no secret among athletes that in order to improve performance you’ve got to work hard.
However, hard training breaks you down and makes you weaker, it is rest that makes you stronger.
Improvement only occurs during the rest period following hard training. This adaptation is accomplished by improving efficiency of the heart and certain systems within the muscle cells.
During recovery periods these systems build to greater levels to compensate for the stress that you have applied. The result is that you are now at a higher level of performance.
If sufficient rest is not included in a training program, imbalance between excess training and inadequate rest will occur, and performance will decline. The “overtraining syndrome ( 综合症 )” is the name given to the collection of emotional, behavioral, and physical symptoms due to overtraining that has persisted for weeks to months. It is marked by cumulative exhaustion that persists even after recovery periods.
The most common symptom is fatigue. This may limit workouts and may be present at rest. The athletes may also become moody, easily imitated, have altered sleep patterns, become depressed, or lose the competitive desire and enthusiasm for the sport. Some will report decreased appetite and weight loss. Physical symptoms include persistent muscular soreness, increased frequency of viral ( 病毒性的 ) illnesses, and increased incidence of injuries.
The treatment for the overtraining syndrome is rest. The longer the overtraining has occurred, the more rest required, therefore, early detection is very important. If the overtraining has only occurred for a short period of time (e.g. 3-4 weeks) then interrupting training for 3-5 days is usually sufficient rest. It is important that the factors that lead to overtraining be identified and corrected. Otherwise, the overtraining syndrome is likely to recur. The overtraining syndrome should be considered in any athlete who manifests symptoms of prolonged fatigue and whose performance has leveled off or decreased. It is important to exclude any underlying illness that may be responsible for the fatigue.
36. The first paragraph of the passage tells us that ________.
A) the harder an athlete trains, the better his performance will be
B) rest after vigorous training improves an athlete’s performance
C) strict systematic training is essential to an athlete’s top performance
D) improvement of an athlete’s performance occurs in the course of training （ B ）
37. By “overtraining” the author means ________.
A) a series of physical symptoms that occur after training
B) undue emphasis on the importance of physical exertion
C) training that is not adequately compensated for by rest
D) training that has exceeded an athlete’s emotional limits （ C ）
38. What does the passage tell us about the “overtraining” syndrome?
A) It occurs when athletes lose interest in sports.
B) It appears right after a hard training session.
C) The fatigue it results in is unavoidable in the athlete’s training process.
D) It manifests itself in fatigue which lingers even after a recovery period. （ D ）
39. What does the phrase “level off” (Line 5, Para. 4) most probably mean?
A) Slow down.
B) Become dull.
C) Stop improving.
D) Be on the decline. （ C ）
40. The author advises at the end of the passage that ________.
A) overtraining syndrome should be treated as a serious illness
B) overtraining syndrome should be prevented before it occurs
C) an athlete with overtraining syndrome should take a lengthy rest
D) illness causing fatigue should not be mistaken for overtraining syndrome （ D ）
Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
41. These were stubborn men, not easily ________ to change their mind.
A) tilted
B) converted
C) persuaded
D) suppressed （ C ）
42. The circus has always been very popular because it ________ both the old and the young.
A) facilitates
B) fascinates
C) immerses
D) indulges （ B ）
43. By patient questioning the lawyer managed to ________ enough information from the witnesses.
A) evacuate
B) withdraw
C) impart
D) elicit （ D ）
44. George enjoys talking about people’s private affairs. He is a ________.
A) solicitor
B) coward
C) gossip
D) rebel （ C ）
45. The new secretary has written a remarkably ________ report within a few hundred words but with all the important details included.
A) concise
B) brisk
C) precise
D) elaborate （ D ）
46. His face ________ as he came in after running all the way from school.
A) flared
B) fluctuated
C) fluttered
D) flushed （ D ）
47. Steel is not as ________ as cast iron; it does not break as easily.
A) elastic
B) brittle
C) adaptable
D) flexible （ B ）
48. A big problem in learning English as a foreign language is lack of opportunities for ________ interaction with proficient speakers of English.
A) instantaneous
B) provocative
C) verbal
D) dual （ C ）
49. Within ten years they have tamed the ________ hill into green woods.
A) vacant
B) barren
C) weird
D) wasteful （ B ）
50. The ________ of our trip to London was the visit to Buckingham Palace.
A) summit
B) height
C) peak
D) highlight （ A ）
51. Harold claimed that he was a serious and well-known artist, but in fact he was a(n) ________.
A) alien
B) client
C) counterpart
D) fraud （ D ）
52. We don’t ________ any difficulties in completing the project so long as we keep within our budget.
A) foresee
B) fabricate
C) infer
D) inhibit （ A ）
53. He is looking for a job that will give him greater ________ for his career development.
A) insight
B) scope
C) momentum
D) phase （ B ）
54. The high school my daughter studies in is ________ our university.
A) linked by
B) relevant to
C) mingled with
D) affiliated with （ D ）
55. The Browns lived in a ________ and comfortably furnished house in the suburbs.
A) spacious
B) sufficient
C) wide
D) wretched （ A ）
56. A membership card ________ the holder to use the club’s facilities for a period of twelve months.
A) approves
B) authorizes
C) rectifies
D) endows （ B ）
57. They have done away with ________ Latin for university entrance at Harvard.
A) influential
B) indispensable
C) compulsory
D) essential （ C ）
58. It is no ________ that a large number of violent crimes are committed under the influence of alcohol.
A) coincidence
B) correspondence
C) inspiration
D) intuition （ A ）
59. One’s university days often appear happier in ________ than they actually were at the time.
A) retention
B) retrospect
C) return
D) revere （ B ）
60. She ________ through the pages of a magazine, not really concentrating on them.
A) tumbled
B) tossed
C) switched
D) flipped （ D ）
61. Scientists are pushing known technologies to their limits in an attempt to ________ more energy from the earth.
A) extract
B) inject
C) discharge
D) drain （ A ）
62. The Chinese Red Cross ________ a generous sum to the relief of the victims of the earthquake in Turkey.
A) administered
B) elevated
C) assessed
D) contributed （ D ）
63. The first sentence in this paragraph is ________; it can be interpreted in many ways.
A) intricate
B) ambiguous
C) duplicated
D) confused （ B ）
64. They used to quarrel a lot, but now they are completely ________ with each other.
A) reconciled
B) negotiated
C) associated
D) accommodated （ A ）
65. The local business was not much ________ by the sudden outbreak of the epidemic.
A) intervened
B) insulated
C) hampered
D) hoisted （ C ）
66. The most important ________ for assessment in this contest is originality of design.
A) threshold
B) partition
C) warrant
D) criterion （ D ）
67. The woman was worried about the side effects of taking aspirins, but her doctor ________ her that it is absolutely harmless.
A) retrieved
B) released
C) reassured
D) revived （ C ）
68. We can’t help being ________ of Bob who bought a luxurious sports car just after the money was stolen from the office.
A) skeptical
B) appreciative
C) suspicious
D) tolerant （ C ）
69. He greatly resented the publication of this book, which he saw as an embarrassing invasion of his ________.
A) privacy
B) morality
C) dignity
D) secrecy （ A ）
70. In fact as he approached this famous statue, he only barely resisted the ________ to reach into his bag for his camera.
A) impatience
B) impulse
C) incentive
D) initiative （ B ）
Part IV Error Correction (15 minutes)
Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark ( ∧ ) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it and put a slash (/) in the blank.
Example:
Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods ╱ . 1. time/times/period
Many of the arguments having ╱ used for the study of literature as 2. _______\_______
a school subject are valid for ∧ study of television. 3. ______the______
“Home, sweet home” is a phrase that expresses an essential attitude in the United States. Whether the reality of life in the family house is sweet or no sweet. The (S1) cherished ideal of home has great importance for many people.
This ideal is a vital part of the American dream. This dream, dramatized in the history of nineteenth century European settlers of the American West, was in find a piece of place, build a house for one’s family, and (S2) started a farm. These small households were portraits of (S3) independence: the entire family—mother, father, children, even grandparents—live in a small house and working (S4) together to support each other. Anyone understood the life (S5) and death, importance of family cooperation and hard work.
Although most people in the United States no longer live on farms, but the ideal of home ownership is just as (S6) strong in the twentieth century as it was in the nineteenth.
When U.S. soldiers came home before World War II. for (S7) example, they dreamed of buying houses and starting families. But there was a tremendous boom in home (S8) building. The new houses, typically it the suburbs, were often small and more or less identical, but it satisfied (S9) a deep need. Many regarded the single-family house the basis of their way of life. (S10)
Part V Writing (30 minutes)
图表作文，关于一个美国大学图书馆的图书流动量 (pop fiction, general nonfiction, science, art 等 ) ，给出他们的流动比例对比，说明原因，并说明你自己喜欢阅读什么样的书。
参考答案
Part I Listening Comprehension
1. D | 2. D | 3. B | 4. B | 5. C |
6. A | 7. B | 8. A | 9. A | 10. C |
11. D | 12. B | 13. C | 14. A | 15. A |
16. B | 17. A | 18. D | 19. A | 20. C |
Part II Reading Comprehension
21. C | 22. A | 23. C | 24. B | 25. D |
26. B | 27. C | 28. B | 29. D | 30. A |
31. A | 32. C | 33. D | 34. B | 35. A |
36. B | 37. C | 38. D | 39. C | 40. D |
Part III Vocabulary
41. C | 42. B | 43. D | 44. C | 45. D |
46. D | 47. B | 48. C | 49. B | 50. A |
51. D | 52. A | 53. B | 54. D | 55. A |
56. B | 57. C | 58. A | 59. B | 60. D |
61. A | 62. D | 63. B | 64. A | 65. C |
66. D | 67. C | 68. C | 69. A | 70. B |
Part IV Error Correction
1. no → not
2. place → land
3. started → start
4. working → work
5. anyone → everyone
6. but → \( 去掉 )
7. before → after
8. But → And
9. it → they
10. 在 house 后增加 as
答案详解
Section A
1. D 。这是一个推断题。对话中女士遗憾没能出席上周一的演讲，并且还了解到那是一个精彩的演讲。男士就说你可以弥补 (you can make it up) 。而且还补充道 “Another presentation on the same topic is scheduled for the same time next Monday” 。从而可以推断出答案 D.
2. D 。这是一个虚拟语气的推理题。女士说她想买她在商店里看见的毛皮大衣，但却没有足够的钱。男士就说要是你过去对钱更好地进行计划的话，现在就肯定可以买得起了；言下之意显然是指该女士以前对花销没进行计划，就是答案 D.
3. B 。这也是一个推断题。女士说她新公寓的洗涤槽漏水。男士说那是小事一桩， “I’ll have a maintenance man come over and fix it right away” 。显然答案为 B.
4. B 。这是一个细节理解题。男士谈到 XMO 这款相机镜头好、闪光灯也不错，但 “don’t you think the price is a little steep?” 。下文也提到 “The price includes the leather case, you know” ，可得出答案 B.
5. C 。这是一个理解题。男士对女士说你相信在 Sadermale 这个地方一次剪发要花 30 美元吗。女士就建议他试试她常去的地方，只要 15 美元，不过要预约罢了。显然 C 是正确答案。
6. A 。这是一个语意推理题。女士说自己太累了，建议出去吃，还说好久没在外面就餐了。男士赞同。根据女士的话可以推断出她不想做饭。
7. B 。这也是一个语意推理题。男士问周末是否去参加约翰的家庭联谊会。女士对男士说你知道约翰家的聚会什么样子吗，你以为我会再去吗，言下之意显然是不想再去了。
8. A 。这也是一个语意推理题。男士说大学里要举行一个有趣的计算机编程比赛，他的好多朋友都报了名，并问女士是否参加。女士说自己参加又能赢得什么好处呢。显然是对自己缺乏信心。故答案为 A. 不过 B 也有一定迷惑性。
9. A 。这还是一个语意推理题。女士对男士说你工作太辛苦了，应该休息休息。男士幽默地说你把这话对我桌子上那对文件说吧，言下之意就是工作太多，身不由己。故答案 A.
10. C 。这是一个语意理解题。 “a fish out of water” 意为“英雄无用武之地”。文中男士问女士工作得怎样，女士用这一短语回答，就是答案 C 所表达的意思。
Section B
Passage One
【短文大意】本文主要介绍粗糙雕刻或墙上乱画 (Graffiti) 这样一种艺术形式以及不同时期不同地方不同的人们和它的联系、对它的看法以及它带来的危害等。
11. D 。这是一个细节理解题。文中提到 “Writing on walls is a way to comment on the world we live in” ，并举例说明 (Women’s liberation groups in Britain, for example, have used graffiti to show their anger at the sex discrimination of many advertisements where women’s bodies are used to sell goods) ，就是答案 D 的意思。
12. B 。这也是一个细节理解题。文中提到 “Graffiti is also a popular art form” ，也举例说明 (In New York, graffiti pictures have been sold for hundreds of thousands of dollars) ，所以 B 是正确答案。
13. C 。这还是一个细节理解题。文章提到 “But graffiti can bring us trouble” ，同样举例说明 (The London underground authority has spent about 2 million pounds a year on removing graffiti for trains and stations) ，就是 C 表达的内容。
Passage Two
【短文大意】本文讲述的是有关亚洲象的情况。亚洲象和非洲象一样，同属世界珍稀动物，但是它悲惨的生存环境不如非洲象那样被引起重视。接着还谈到了两种象的差异、我们了解亚洲象的渠道以及亚洲象减少的原因等。
14. A 。这是一个细节题。文中虽然谈到人们对他们生存环境了解的差异，但涉及到两种象之间的差异，作者还是说到了 “Asian elephants are easier to tame than African elephants” 这样一个细节。所以答案为 A.
15. A 。这也是一个细节题。文中谈到我们对亚洲象了解的渠道时说 “In fact, we know very little about the Asian elephant. They live in the remote forests of southern Asia and it is therefore very difficult to study them” 。但是接着谈到 “Most knowledge of Asian elephants is from those that have been captured, or tamed” 。这就是 A 表达的内容。
16. B 。这还是一个细节理解题。谈到亚洲象减少的主要原因，作者说 “The major reason for the decline of Asian elephants is the harm to their forests” ，而 “forests” 是他们自然生存的家。所以 B 是正确答案。
Passage Three
【短文大意】本文介绍的是有关美国移民增长的原因及移民增长带来的问题、对移民增长问题的对策以及亚裔移民主要状况等。
17. A 。这是一个细节题。在描述美国早期移民情况时，作者谈到 “This brought to America flocks of people from northern Europe who lost employment in the Industrial Revolution” ，这就是早期北欧人移民美国定居的原因。即答案 A 所描述的内容。
18. D 。这也是一个细节题。随着大量移民的涌入，而且他们一向趋于贫困，所以 “they were willing to work for very low wages” 。因此 “This made other workers, especially those in labor unions, afraid that the immigrants with the lower wage level would take jobs away from them” 。故答案 D 正确。
19. A 。这还是一个细节题。上文提到大量移民的涌入，引起国内一些人 ( 比如工会 ) 的担忧甚至反对，接下来只要听出这个句子 “This opposition finally led to the posting of immigration law in the 1920’s, which restricted further immigration” ，就可以得出答案 A.
20. C 。这同样是一个细节题。只要听出文章最后两句话 “Asians, like Koreans and Vietnamese, soon began to arrive. Many of these newcomers have worked very hard to establish themselves in their new land” ，就可以得出答案 C 了。
Part II Reading Comprehension
Passage One
【短文大意】本文谈到日美商业文化的差异：美国的企业管理者会把责任和职权都交给员工，而日本的企业管理者会把职权交给员工，责任自己负。日本的这种做法有助于增强集体感以及员工对公司的忠诚。
Passage Two
【短文大意】本文谈到了汽车的发展：汽车产生之前，主要交通工具是马车。但马产生的排泄物造成很大污染、交通堵塞。电车的出现解决了马车的污染问题和交通堵塞。尽管使用起来很麻烦、昂贵，汽车还是发展起来了，而且在全球飞速发展。
Passage Three
【短文大意】研究表明，眼泪对健康是有好处的：感情宣泄时流的眼泪中有两种独特的化学物质可以间接减轻压力；而且还可以通过眼泪诊断病情、追踪药物反映等。
Passage Four
【短文大意】体育训练中劳逸结合是很重要的，休息可以改善身体机能、缓解压力。如果运动员超负荷训练、休息不好，会引起“超负荷训练综合症”，症状表现为疲惫、情绪化、易怒、沮丧、失去斗志、食欲不振、体重下降等。最好的治疗方法是休息，而且要尽早发现病情。
Part III Vocabulary
Part IV Error Correction
【短文大意】文中谈到美国人的家庭梦想，希望拥有自己的房子，和家人团聚在一起。
S1. no → not 修饰形容词用 not ( 副词 ) ，修饰名词才用 no ( 形容词 ) 。
S2. place land → land 作土地，田地，地皮解释时，是不可数名词。 place 而是可数名词。
S3. started → start 为了与 前面的 find, build 结构一致，故去掉 -ed.
S4. working → work 为了与 live 并列，一般现在时。
S5. anyone → everyone 根据语义应该用 everyone 表示每个人，而 anyone 表示泛指，任何一个人。
S6. but ( 去掉 ) Although 后面不能跟 but.
S7. before → after 根据上下文判断应该是二战以后。
S8. But → And 应该是递进关系而不是转折关系。
S9. it → they 指代的是 houses, 应该用复数。
S10. 在 house 后增加 as regard...as 把…视为 / 认为…
Part V Writing
It can be discerned that the American students prefer to read the popular novels rather than any other kind of books, such as the unpopular fictions, technical books, poems and so on. The percentage of the popular novel is about 68.2% currently. Comparatively, other kind of novels is about 16.8%, 8.3%, and 5.2%.
It is not difficult to understand why the popular novels can attract so many students. The popular novel is interesting, and not so abstract as books that are full of the mathematic formulas. However, as university students, study is the primary task for us to do. So it’s advisable that we should pay more attention to the books in our major. Fictions may make our life rich and colorful, but it cannot become the major part of our life.
As far as I am concerned, I would like to spend my spare time on reading academic collection of dissertations, periodicals in my major, such as technology digests, computer newspapers and so forth, because I want to do a good job in my subjects. Fortunately, my dreams come true. Meanwhile, I have gained other things, i.e. I’ve laid a solid foundation in specialized field, which makes me feel easy to contrive the electronic circuits that have to be done during our bachelor years. Thanks to those books!
听力原文
Part I Listening Comprehension
Section A
1. W: I’m sorry I wasn’t able to attend the lecture last Monday. I’ve heard it was quite a success.
M: Well, you can make it up. Another presentation on the same topic is scheduled for the same time next Monday.
Q: What do we learn from this conversation?
2. W: I certainly would like to buy the fur coat I saw in the department store, but I don’t have enough money.
M: Well, if you had budgeted your money better, you would be able to buy it now.
Q: What does the man imply?
3. W: Mr. Dahli, I’ve just checked my new apartment. The kitchen sink is leaking.
M: Okay Donna. It’s no big deal. I’ll have a maintenance man come over and fix it right away.
Q: What will the man do?
4. M: I saw your advertisement in the morning paper concerning the XMO model. The lens seems to be excellent and the flash is not bad, but don’t you think the price is a little steep?
W: I think it’s a good buy. The price includes the leather case, you know.
Q: Why did the man dislike about the camera?
5. M: Can you believe I had to pay $ 30 for a haircut at Sadermale.
W: You should try the place where I go. It’s only 15, but it takes a while to get an appointment.
Q: What does the woman mean?
6. W: I am completely exhausted. Why don’t we dine out tonight? I don’t remember the last time you took me out to dinner.
M: That’s not a bad idea. There’s a new Mexican restaurant around the corner. They say it’s good.
Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?
7. M: Shall we go to John’s house-warming party this weekend? Everyone is invited.
W: Well, you know what John’s parties are like. Do you think I will go a gain?
Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?
8. M: The University is going to hold an interesting competition on computer programming. Many of my friends have signed up for it. How about you?
W: Do you think I could ever win anything if I took part in it?
Q: What do we learn from the conversation about the woman?
9. W: You’ve been working like a horse. You should take a vacation.
M: Tell that to the stack of papers on my desk.
Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?
10. M: Hi, Mary. I haven’t seen you in ages. How are you doing with your new job?
W: Not so well. I feel like a fish out of water doing that job.
Q: What does the woman mean?
Section B
Passage One
Graffiti is drawing or writing often found in a wall in public places. These drawings and writings are usually rude, humorous, or political. The words Graffiti” comes from an Italian word meaning address. Graffiti provides a record of the past because people have written on walls for centuries. Cave drawings are the earliest examples we have of the art of graffiti.
Writing on walls is a way to comment on the world we live in. Women’s liberation groups in Britain, for example, have used graffiti to show their anger at the sex discrimination of many advertisements where women’s bodies are used to sell goods.
Yesterday’s graffiti can be today’s foreign attraction. When the Berlin wall ca me down in 1989, people found that it was covered with graffiti from all over the world. Graves of famous people, like rock-star Jim Morrison, are covered with written messages from fans.
Graffiti is also a popular art form. Graffiti pictures have gained respect in artistic circles. Today, graffiti is likely to be found hanging inside modern, New York apartments as well as in the downtown streets. In New York, graffiti pictures have been sold for hundreds of thousands of dollars. Graffiti artists have been paid to use their art to brighten up dull environments.
But graffiti can bring us trouble. Scenes of natural beauty and important landmarks have been spoiled by mindless graffiti. The London underground authority has spent about 2 million pounds a year on removing graffiti for trains and stations. If you are caught doing it, you can be sent to person. In Britain, the maxim um sentence for this type of crime is ten years.
Whether you think graffiti is mindless violence against property, or a living art form, its popularity suggests that it is here to stay.
11. What do women’s liberation groups in Britain do with graffiti?
12. What do some New Yorkers think of graffiti?
13. Why does the speaker cite the example of graffiti in the London underground?
Passage Two
The Asian elephant is one of the world’s rarest animal. Unfortunately, its sad condition has not been as well publicized as that of the African elephant. This is because Asian elephant’s ivory supplies only a small percentage of the world ivory trade. In fact, we know very little about the Asian elephant. They live in the remote forests of southern Asia and it is therefore very difficult to study them. Most knowledge of Asian elephants is from those that have been captured, or tamed. Asian elephants are easier to tame than African elephants. The elephants you see in the circuses and zoos are nearly always Asian.
The major reason for the decline of Asian elephants is the harm to their forests. The huge increase in the human population has caused the destruction of the Asian forest for human population. As a result, the Asian elephants are compelled to scatter in different areas. Originally they lived all over the continent, but now there are only small isolated populations left. These isolated elephant populations are vulnerable to extinction.
While Asian elephants are threatened by illegal capture and detaining, they are also killed for ivory and skin. In July 1990, a British wildlife group uncovered a black market for elephant skin. Elephants are shot in the forest along the border between Thailand and Burma, and their skin was sold to factories in Bangkok. T heir skin is made into shoes, belts, suitcases, wallets, etc, to sell to tourists.
14. What’s the difference between the Asian elephant and the African elephant?
15. Where does most knowledge of Asian elephants come from?
16. What’s the major cause in the decline of Asian elephants?
Passage Three
After the early period of settlements, the first sharp increase in immigration took place in the 1830’s and 1840’s. This brought to America flocks of people from northern Europe who lost employment in the Industrial Revolution, and then a great number of Irish people who fled from famine. German political refugees arrived shortly after. Many immigrants from northern and western Europe settled on farms in the Middle-west. The Irish became construction laborers on roads, bridges, and railroads.
In the 1880’s, a tremendous flood of immigrants began coming in, this time largely from southern and eastern Europe. To most Americans, these newcomers seemed far more strange than the early settlers. Their languages, customs, and ways of life were very different from those of Americans. The newcomers moved into the poorest neighborhood of the large cities. They tended to stay together and cling to their old ways. As they were accustomed to poverty, they were willing to work for very low wages. This made other workers, especially those in labor unions, afraid that the immigrants with the lower wage level would take jobs away from them. Indeed, organized labor became one of the key opponents of continued immigration.
This opposition finally lead to the posting of immigration law in the 1920’s, which restricted further immigration. In 1965, these unfair laws were replaced by a new immigration act, which granted equal opportunities to foreigners, regardless of their place of origin. Asians, like Koreans and Vietnamese, soon began to arrive. Many of these newcomers have worked very hard to establish themselves in their new land.
17. Why did northern European people come to settle down in the United States?
18. What did the labor unions worry about?
19. What was the purpose of the immigration law passed in the 1920’s?
20. What do we know from the passage about Asian immigrants?
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